516 MINNESOTA BOTANICAL STUDIES. 



T. Caulophylloides SMALL, Bull. Torr. Club, 25: 136. 

 1898. 



Plant glabrous, 2 to 4 feet high, from a horizontal rootstock ; 

 leaves on long petioles ; leaflets deep green, firm, oval or broader 

 than long, i to 2 inches long, glaucous beneath and with prom- 

 inent nerves, bases variable, apically 3-5-sharp-lobed ; flowers 

 dioecious : akenes elliptic, 3 lines long, sharply ribbed, con- 

 tracted at the base and stalked, style persistent, clubbed, ^ the 

 length of akenes. Spring and summer. Mountains of Ten- 

 nessee. Allied to T. coriaceum, but differing in the leaflets and 

 the shorter club-shaped style (f). 



T. Coriaceum SMALL, Mem. Torr. Club, 4: 98. 1893. 

 T. dioicum var. coriaceum BRITTON, Bull. Torr. Club, 

 18: 363. 1891. 



Stem sulcate, somewhat branched, raising 3 to 4 feet from the 

 yellow rootstocks : leaves 3 to 4 times ternate, rather short-peti- 

 oled, lower petioles with stipule-like bases ; leaflets coriaceous, 

 broadly obovate, acutely toothed or lobed ; bases variable ; veins 

 prominent on the whitish under surface : flowers in a loose 

 panicle, dioecious ; sepals and stamens whitish ; anthers linear, 

 longer than the slender filaments: pistillate flowers purple; 

 akenes stalked, oblong-ovoid, 8-io-ribbed ; styles of less length, 

 persistent. May-June. Mountains of eastern Kentucky into 

 Virginia and north Carolina (f). 



T. venulosum TRELEASE, /. c., 302. 1886. 



T. campestre GREENE, Erythea, 4 : 123. 1893. 



(?) T. Fendleri]. M. MACOUN, Bot. Gaz. 16 : 285. 1893. 



Allied to T. dioicum : stem simple, erect, 10-20 inches high, 

 glabrous, glaucous ; bearing 2 to 3 long-petioled leaves above 

 the base ; leaves 3 to 4 times 3-parted ; leaflets short-stalked, 

 rather firm, rounded and lobed at the apex, veiny beneath: 

 flowers in a simple panicle, dioecious, small ; sepals ovate ; 

 stamens 10-20 on slender filaments ; anthers oblong, slender 

 pointed : akenes nearly sessile, 2 lines long, ovoid, tapering to 

 a straight beak, thick-walled and 2-edged. South Dakota, 

 westward and southward in the mountains. Introduced 1889. 



T. occidentale GRAY, Proc. Am. Acad. 8: 372. 1872. 

 T. dioicum var. oxycarpum TORR. Bot. Wilkes Expe 



212. 1854. 



