Minnesota Plant Diseases. 



419 



Pansies, smut of, 371 



Paper, building, fungi on, 137 



moldy, fungi on, 137 



Parasites (see also wound para- 

 sites), 35,51 

 cause development of floral 



rudiments, 83 



cause increase in size of 



host, 82 



cup fungi, 142, 144 



defined, 9 



destroyers of organs, 80 



destroyers of small areas 



(Fig- 35), 78, 79 



destroyers of whole plants, 80 

 effect of host on, 88 



effect on anatomy of host, 87 

 effect on host, 77 



effect on host tissues, 84 



entrance through wounds, 45 

 formation of new organs, 84 

 higher seed plants, 199, 200 



immediate destruction of 



host, 78 



leaf inhabiting, 62 



life methods, 60 



low type of (Fig. 34), 77 



on animals, 6(j 



an anthers, 65 



on birds, 73 



on fruit, 64 



on insects (Fig. 30), 67, 68 



on molds, 114 



on nuclei, 66 



on roots, 64 



on special plant parts, 

 on stems, 63 



place, 198 



plant, 77 



rusts, 164 



size of, 13 



stimulation of host, 82, 



stimulation of age, 83 



surface dwelling, 60 



wound, 235 



Parasitic fungi, modes of life, 60 

 life of smut, 156 



Parasitism, an auxiliary proc- 

 cess, 200 



and saprophytism, 12, 35 



contrast in plants and ani- 

 mals, 75 



Parasitism, 



destructive, 

 in animals, 

 nutrient, 

 proficiency in, 



51 

 10 



49 



57,58 



Parchment pore fungus rot, 258 



Paris green, 213 



for apple orchards, 347 



Partnerships, fungi with algae, 145 



of bacteria, 193 



of plants, equal (Fig. 21), 48 



of plants, unequal, 49, 50, 51 



Partridge wood rot (Fig. 118), 



242 



Pastry, molds on, 113 



Pathologist, agent of preven- 

 tion, 208 

 Plicaria repanda (Fig. 64), 144 

 Pea family, powdery mildew of, 325 

 root tubercles of, 50 

 Peach, brown rot of, 357 

 Peanut, wild, gall fungus of 



(Fig. 211), 398 



Pear blight (Fig. 195), 364,365 



leaf rust of (Figs. 181, 182), 



347, 348, 349 



rusts, 166 



Peas, downy mildew of, 336, 337 



Penecillium (Figs. 188, 189), 353, 355 



species of, 270 



Peridermium, species of (Fig. 



136), 275, 276 



Permanganate of potassium, 221 

 Peronospora alsinearum (Fig. 

 44), 109 



effusa, 339 



leptosperma (Fig. 44), 109 



parasitica, 331 



schachtii, 339 



schleideni, 333, 334 



trifoliorum, 314 



violse, 384 



Peronosporinese (downy mil- 

 dews), (Fig. 44), 109, 1 10, ill 

 (white rusts), 112 

 Pezizinese (see cup fungi), 143, 144 

 Phacidiinese, 142 

 Phallinese (Figs. 94, 95'), 187, 188 

 Pholiota adiposa (Fig. 129), 



262, 263 



fatty, rot (Fig. 129), 262, 263 

 scurfy, rot, 263 



