Table of Contents* 



PREFACE ............................................................ v 



CHAPTER I ........... Plants in their Societies ...................... I 



CHAPTER II .......... Plant Wanderings and Migrations ............. 18 



CHAPTER III ......... Slime-moulds and Blue-green Algae ......... ; . 26 



CHAPTER IV ......... Bright-green Algae ........................... 33 



CHAPTER V .......... Brown Algae and Red Algae .................. 39 



CHAPTER VI ......... The Lower Sorts of Fungi ................... 43 



CHAPTER VII ........ Smuts and Rusts ............................. 48 



CHAPTER VIII ....... Trembling Fungi, Club-fungi, Shelf-fungi and 



Mushrooms ............................... 55 



CHAPTER IX ......... Carrion-fungi and Puff-balls ................... 66 



CHAPTER X .......... Yeasts, Morels, Cup-fungi and Truffles ...... ." . 72 



CHAPTER XI .......... Blights, Black-fungi and Root-fungi ......... 80 



CHAPTER XII ........ Lichens and Beetle-fungi ...................... 91 



CHAPTER XIII ....... Various Kinds of Bacteria .................... 101 



CHAPTER XIV ....... Mosses and Liverworts as Links between the 



Algae and Higher Plants ................... 122 



CHAPTER XV ........ Liverworts of Minnesota ...................... 132 



CHAPTER XVI ....... Mosses of Minnesota ......................... 144 



CHAPTER XVII ...... Christmas-green Plants or Club-mosses ....... 156 



CHAPTER XVIII ..... Ferns and Water-ferns ........................ 161 



CHAPTER XIX ....... Scouring-rushes and Horse-tails ............... 175 



CHAPTER XX ........ What Seeds Are and how they are Produced. . . 180 



CHAPTER XXI ....... Ground-hemlocks and Various Pines .......... 185 



CHAPTER XXII ...... From Cat-tails to Eel-grasses ................. 197 



CHAPTER XXIII ..... Grasses and Sedges ........................... 204 



