Minnesota Plant Diseases. 



not show any mature cups. The latter are formed on the fallen 

 leaves in the spring. (Fig. 133.) 



True cup fungi (Pczisincce). The greatest number of cup 

 fungi belong in this group. The great variety of form and size 

 has already been mentioned. Many have long stalks, others are 

 sessile. While the cups vary considerably as to texture, they 

 are usually fleshy or soft and seldom or never woody. More- 

 over, they are very frequently brightly colored, especially in the 

 sac-bearing region. The color is usually contained in the ends 



FIG. 63. A cluster of cup fungi, showing cups appearing just above the ground. They are 

 attached to long- stalks, which arise underground from a storage organ. (See Fig. 4.) 

 Original. 



of the sterile threads between the sacs. The most common 

 colors are reds varying on the one hand from bright scarlet 

 through orange and yellowish reds to lemon-yellows or even 

 lighter shades, and, on the other hand, from scarlet to chestnut, 

 chocolate and violet browns. A few are lilac-tinted and many 

 are \vater-colored or very dilutely brown and tan. There is a 

 great diversity in the surface coverings. Many are perfectly 

 smooth while others are covered with very dense hairs and nu- 



