HOW THE HORSE LEARNS 135 



been caused to make at those given points and 

 when lie is required to make them again by the 

 same aids at those points lie prepares for them 

 himself Avith his body and performs them better. 



This association of the evolutions with given 

 points of the riding school has the advantage that 

 the h(n*se knows where he is to go to and goes 

 there, and whilst he is going there, aids may be 

 applied to improve his position and the execution 

 of the evolution without their confusing him. 



Thus in making him traverse by a half turn 

 the horse knows that he goes from the middle of 

 the short wall of the riding school to the middle 

 of the long wall. Whilst he is making this passage 

 hand aids may be given him to hold him in and 

 make him traverse without his growing confused 

 and without their causing him to swerve from his 

 path. 



If he is taught to perform the pirouette (turn 

 on himself on the croup) by passing lengthwise 

 down the middle of the riding school and stopping 

 in the centre (where the pirouette is always per- 

 formed) and then continuing to advance in the 



