HOW THE HORSE LEARNS 163 



things that at Aries a Neapolitan and his horse 

 were burnt for practising magic, and the same fate 

 befell Bankes' horse 31orocco which is mentioned 

 by Shakespeare. 



Things are marvellous to those who do not see, 

 do not understand hoAV they are done, and circus 

 masters have kept up this idea of their marvel- 

 lousness by keeping them secret. The circus master 

 tells the horse in a loud voice to perform a given 

 action. He gives thii< order in order to let the 

 public hear it. Of course the horse does not under- 

 stand it. But the circus master together with the 

 words of command uttered in order to be heard 

 by the public, gives the horse the signal at which 

 he has taught him to perform the movement with- 

 out the public perceiving or noticing it. Thus in 

 the eyes of the public the horse has carried out 

 the order uttered, but in reality he has carried out 

 the order given by the signal. 



The circus master speaks to the horse in order 

 to deceive the public and gives him the signal 

 on which he has previously taught him to perform 

 the movement commanded aloud. In order to teach 



