176 HOW THE HORSE LEARNS 



proceed to make liim raise it at a sign with the hand 

 and arm extended towards the leg. We must look 

 the horse in the eye and make a marked sign with 

 the left hand and arm extended in the direction 

 of the left fore-leg, holding tliem in that position 

 a moment. The arm is withdrawn and after a short 

 interval the left arm is anew markedly extended 

 towards the left fore-leg, inciting the horse with 

 the voice sound used for making him go and the 

 leg is struck with the whip behind the knee. The 

 whip must be held in the right hand, quite hidden 

 along our right leg, and should not draw the atten- 

 tion of the horse, not even at the moment when 

 the leg is struck behind the knee. The entire at- 

 tention of the horse should be attracted to tlie left 

 arm extended towards the left leg, and in order 

 that it should draw the attention of the horse the 

 arm is held pointed towards the left leg before 

 striking it, when striking it and a while after stri- 

 king it. Thus the horse associates the arm exten- 

 ded towards the left leg with its being struck, and 

 after a few repetitions learns to raise the leg on 

 seeing the arm directed towards the leg without 

 waiting to be struck. 



