HOW OBEDIENCE IS TAUGHT 195 



The obedience which arises from the ascen- 

 dancy of love is complementary to the obedience 

 wliich is due to the ascendancy of physical force, 

 each being complementary to the other, because 

 the obedience due to the sole ascendancy of love 

 would likewise not be sufficient alone to restrain 

 the horse. In manv cases the inclinations and 

 temptations to obey his own impulses, which are 

 given him by his instincts, would be the stronger, 

 and would overcome this obedience. Therefore it is 

 necessary that obedience should be due to an 

 ascendancv both of love and fear. In man likewise 

 the mere moral ascendant, the mere feeling of duty 

 has the power to force some few only to obedience. 

 All others obey the moral ascendancy of anyone 

 if behind this there is in reserve the material force 

 whicli can ])hysically compel and punish them. 



By the two ascendancies of love and jear^ we 

 give rise in the horse to the moral necessity of 

 performing the actions which we tell him to per- 

 form. This idea of the moral necessity of obedience 

 gives the feeling of obedience, i. e. an obedience by 

 persuasion. This is the result of the horses seeing 



