198 HOW OBKUIEN(^E IH rAUGHT 



By what means the horse is taught ohedietwe. 



Man, the principal feature of whose character 

 is vanity, lias i>iven rise to the proverb : Self love 

 is the hey to the heart. The liorse has no vanity 

 and cannot be overcome by adulation, but he like- 

 wise obeys i\\e principle that love is inspired by 

 that whicli is useful and that pleasure is the useful 

 thinjD' which creates love. Pleasure and utility ])re- 

 dispose him to love and contidence and to the 

 acceptance of obedience. 



His susceptibility to being rendered obedient 

 and our power of giving the feeling of the duty 

 of obedience to the horse arise from his instinct 

 (common to all animals) of seeMnf/ that which gi- 

 ves pleasure and fearing and fleeing that which 

 gives pain, from his feeling j^leasure from good 

 treatment and displeasure, pain and fear from pu- 

 nishment. The means which serve to make him 

 feel 2^l€asure and pain are our various aids and 

 punishments. 



