HOW OIJKDIE^TE IS TAFGnT 208 



should not remain in an inimical mood. Our supe- 

 riority over the horse is founded : — on his sensiti- 

 veness to and fear of punishment; — on liis seeing 

 that he is prevented from doinii" what he wouhl 

 Avish ; — on his excitability to moti<m at f]w least 

 instii>ati<m and the least ])unishment. 



Impunity is an inducement to crime. For this 

 reason it is needful that he should see that on 

 disobeying he receives ])unisliment and it is like- 

 wise needful that the [)unishment should liave the 

 eftect of giving him pain so that he may be afraid 

 of its being intiicted. From this arises tlic idea of 

 authority over his mind. If he does not appreciate 

 and does not fear punishment, the horse will do 

 what he likes because there cannot be intiicted 

 upon him the pain which \\<>uld induce him to 

 obedience in order to avoid it. Without fear ot* 

 punishment there is no possibility of subordination 

 and obedience. 



The act of preventing him from obeying his 

 own impulses likewise, although it is not an active 

 measure like punishment, largely assists in giving 

 him the idea that we are superior in strength to 



