110 The Unity of the Organism 



species are built up; the methods, that is, of particular 

 as contrasted with general assimilation. 



6. The methods, oxidative and otherwise, by which the 

 force liberated in muscular and other work is accomplished; 

 that is, the methods of particular as contrasted with general 

 work by organisms. 



7. The methods by which the germinal elements of plants 

 and animals, sex-cells, plant and animal buds, gemmae, bulbs, 

 propagative cambium cells, etc., become so constituted as to 

 be able to develop into other individuals like those from which 

 they themselves originated. 



8. The methods by which the chemical substances dis- 

 tinctive of organic varieties, species, etc., are originally 

 produced, the phytogeny, in a word, of biochemical sub- 

 stances. 



9. The methods by which acts of volition, memory, intel- 

 lection, and emotion are accomplished. 



Peculiar Importance to Natural History of the Application 



of Physical CJiemistry to the Chemistry of Liiitnj 



Beings 



The ascertainment of details of structure and process 

 implied by this inventory obviously belongs to biochemistry 

 alone. By himself, the naturalist is helpless in his longings 

 for knowledge in these realms. But chemistry's initial 

 answer to the naturalist's appeal is not very comforting, 

 for if the particular chemist to whom the naturalist appeals 

 is broadly experienced and learned, is thoroughly objective- 

 minded, and quite frank, he assures the naturalist that his 

 request is for light in one of the darkest places in the whole 

 realm of chemical phenomena. Nevertheless, if plied closely, 

 chemistry is found to have a certain amount of positive 

 knowledge and certain well-supported conceptions which in- 

 terest the naturalist of the organismal cast of mind very 



