xii Contents 



CHAPTER PAGE 



reasoning, 206. Theories of animal behavior in relation to the 

 "science" of zoology, 208. 



XXII. PSYCHICAL INTEGRATION 214 



Preliminary remarks: (a) Absolute discrimination between 

 reflex and psychical phenomena not necessary, 214; (b) The 

 organism an original datum in all problems of psychic life, 

 215; (c) Provisional classification of psychical facts, 217. 

 Likeness between tropistic and higher psychic activity, 220. 

 First move toward showing the organismal character of the 

 higher psychic life, 221. Associatwnist psychology a special 

 case of elementalist biology, 228. Preliminary examination 



of objective and subjective, 231. The essence of Wundtian 

 apperception, 2S2. Remarks on analysis and synthesis, 236. 



XXIII. ORGANIC CONNECTION BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND PSYCHICAL 239 



A still closer look at the organismal nature of tropisms, 

 239. The automatic and anticipatory character of tropisms 

 and other reflexes, 2^1. A still closer look at the likeness 

 between higher rational life and tropisms, 2I/.2. A still 

 closer description of the subrational moiety of psychic life, 

 246. Remarks on the classes of subrational life, 2J^6. Four 

 certainties about the adaptiveness of subrational psychic 

 activities, 250. Generally useful to individual and to species, 

 250. Many useful to species primarily, 250. Variability of 

 subrational activities, 251. Tendency of subrational activ- 

 ities to excessiveness, 256. Summary of organismal charac- 

 ter of all subrational psychic life, 21 '4- Specificity of subra- 

 tional psychic life, 276. 



XXIV. SKETCH OF AN ORGANISMAL THEORY OP CONSCIOUSNESS . 282 

 Remarks on the hypothetical character of this chapter, 282. 



The natural history method and the study of one's self, 282. 

 Formulation of the central hypothesis, 286. Preliminary 

 justification of the hypothesis as such, 287. More systematic 

 justification of the hypothesis, 291. The nature of "outer" 

 or objective and "inner" or subjective, 292. As to the lowest 

 terms of self -consciousness, 308. Instinct and physical or- 

 ganization, 310: Emotion and physical organization, 316. 

 Glance at the' equilibrative interaction between "body" and 

 "soul," 323. Support of the hypothesis by the physico-chem- 



