Chemico-Functional Integration 139 



through the sympathetic system, so as to maintain a rate of 

 approximately seventy-two beats per minute. And a similar 

 balance is maintained in other autonomic domains (e.g., the 

 pupils, bronchial musculature, gastric glands, gastro-intes- 

 tinal muscle, sweat glands, bladder muscles, etc.)." 



And Barker then calls attention to the extent to which the 

 normal processes of the body depend upon temporary upsets 

 of these equilibria, examples of which are watering of the 

 mouth at the smell or sight of food which appeals to the 

 appetite through these senses, the flow of gastric and pan- 

 creatic juices at the proper time, through indirect stimula- 

 tion ; the sudden relaxation of the sphincter and contraction 

 of the detrusor of the bladder in micturition; the violent 

 contractions of all the muscles concerned in parturition in 

 the female, and so on. 



We may summarize the results of this chapter thus: 



(1) The researches of recent years on the internal secre- 

 tory system and its connection with the great subdivisions 

 of the nervous system, and with the blood, muscular, and 

 reproductive systems, have laid a solid foundation for an un- 

 derstanding of the chemico-functional basis of the animal 

 organism's unity. 



(2) The emotional phase of the psychic life of the ani- 

 mal is proved to be in direct organic connection with this 

 basis. 



From these results there naturally springs the important 

 question: What relation has human consciousness to this 

 same basis? An attempt to answer this question will be an 

 unavoidable part of our treatment later of the psychic in- 

 tegration of the organism. 



REFERENCE INDEX 



1. Luciani II, 13 5. Bayliss 707 



2. Carlson and Woelfel 49 6. Bayliss and Starling 325 



3. Schafer (1914) 18 7. Bayliss 706 



4. Hertoghe 194 8. Schafer 28 



