162 



BOTANY 



much as in the case of Pilobolus, and it is these discharged conidia 

 which form the halo about the dead fly. 



Zygospores. Zygospores, quite like those of the Mucorinese, have 

 been found in a number of the Entomophthorinese (Fig. 126, C), and 

 in some forms similar spores are developed without fertilization 



SERIES II. EUMYCETES (TRUE FUNGI) 



Very much the greater part of the Fungi belong to the Eumycetes, 

 or, as they are sometimes called, the My corny cetes. The Eumycetes 

 are so modified that they show very little trace of any relationship 



B 



FIG. 126. A, Butterfly (Colias), attacked by Empusa sphserosperma, f. B, E. 

 muscse, group of conidiophores (X 230). C, zygospore-formation in E.sepulchralis 

 (X230). (All after THAXTER.) 



with the green plants, and their classification presents many diffi- 

 culties. With a few exceptions they readily fall into two great 

 divisions or classes, which are not evidently related to each other. 

 These are the Ascomycetes or Sac-fungi, and the Basidiomycetes, 

 which include the Toadstools, Puffballs, Rusts, and many of the 

 most familiar of the larger Fungi. A third class, Lichenes, is some- 

 times added, but this is a somewhat artificial group, as- some of 

 its members are related to the Ascomycetes, others to the Basidio- 

 mycetes. 



Mycelium. The mycelium in the Eumycetes is usually composed 

 of hyphse with cross-walls or septa at regular intervals, and formed 



