366 



BOTANY 



FIG. 332. Dehiscent dry fruits. A, Pea (legume). B, Aquilegla Canadensis 

 (follicle). C, Capsella bursa-pastoris (silicule). D, Viola cucullata (capsule, 

 opening by three valves). E, Stylophorum diphyllum (capsule) . F,Jeffersonia 

 diphylla (capsule opening by a lid). 



flowers are arranged in an " 

 A. C 



FIG. 333. Indehiscent dry fruits. 

 A, Taraxacum offlcinale, achene, 

 with plumose pappus, h. B, Zea 

 Mays, caryopsis (section) ; em, 

 embryo. C, Fraxinus Americana, 

 "key" or samara. D, Malva 

 rotundifolia, schizocarp. 



Inflorescence." There are two princi 

 pal types of inflorescence, the " Race- 

 mose " and the " Cymose," which, in 

 turn, have various subdivisions. In 

 the racemose or monopodial inflores- 

 cence, the apex of the floral shoot 

 continues to grow indefinitely, giving 

 rise to a varying number of lateral 

 shoots, developed in acropetal succes- 

 sion, the youngest being nearest the 

 apex. Its simplest form is the Ra- 

 ceme (Fig. 327), where single stalked 

 flowers are strung along the central 

 axis, the oldest ones at the bottom. 

 If the flowers are sessile, as in the 

 Plantain (Fig. 328) or Pepper family, 

 we have a " Spike " ; if the raceme is 

 very much shortened, an " Umbel " 

 (Fig. 329, A) or a Head," as the 

 flowers are respectively stalked or 

 sessile. 



In the cymose, or sympodial inflo- 

 rescence, each flower is terminal on its 

 axis, and the lateral axes grow more 



