INDEX 



561 



8, 17, 19, 20, 27, 31, 32, 37, 43, 48, 51, 

 56, 57, 66, 194, 196, 197, 199, 200, 212, 

 220, 221, 241, 242, 243, 244, 246, 293, 

 294, 295, 301, 4 ,m, 308, 319, 327, 330, 

 334, 346, 347, 469, 475, 484, 487, 492, 

 501, 503, 504, 510, 532, 533, 534, 537. 



Fertilization, 243, 323, 329,341; Cycads, 

 329; Conifers, 341; Ferns, 343; Red 

 Algae, 143, 144; Spermatophytes, 323. 



Fibre, 57, 58. 



Fibril (of pollen-sac), 353. 



Ficus, 56, 507; F. elastica, 56, 420; F. 

 Carica, 420; F. religiosa, 420. 



Fig (see also "Ficus"), 11, 28, 368, 420, 

 538, 545, Fig. 337. 



Filament (of stamen), 351. 



Filamentous plants, 15, 16. 



Filaree (see " Erodium "). 



Filicales (see also " Fern "), 245, 246, 315. 



Filices, 273, 282. 



Fimbriaria, 51, 20(5, 208, 210 ; F. Califor- 

 nica, Figs. 33, 164, 166, 168. 



Fir (see also "Abies," " Abietineae"), 

 336, 511, 535, 538, 548. 



Fissidens, 226. 



Fission, 8, 13, 15, 60, 111. 



Fission-plants (see " Schizophyta ") . 



Flagellata, 13, 14, 36, 67, 68, 71, 85, 92, 96, 

 97. 



Flagellum, 4. 



Flax (see also " Linum"), 56. 



Flora of the United States, 544. 



Floral axis, 350, 351. 



Floral envelope (see " Perianth"). 



Floral leaf, 32, 363. 



Floridese, 137, 138, 139. 



Flower, 10, 27, 32, 244, 323, 337, 338, 345, 

 346, 349, 351, 363, 378, 379, 411, 412; 

 Angiosperms, 349; Conifers, 337, 338; 

 Dicotyledons, 411, 412 ; Gnetales, 345, 

 346; Monocotyledons, 378. 379. 



Flowering-plants (see also " Spermato- 

 phyta"), 2, 7, 19, 27, 31, 35, 99, 131, 

 151, 152, 322. 



Fly-agaric (Amanita muscaria), 185. 



Foliaceous Lichens, 189. 



Foliar-gap, 255. 



Follicle, 367. 



Fomes : F. annosus, 184, Fig. 149. 



Fontinalis, 227, 235, 239; F. antipyretica, 

 Fig. 199. 



Food of plants, 2, 7, 461, 462. 



Foot (of sporophyte) , 204. 



Formic-aldehyde, 474. 



Fossil plants, 11, 90, 123, 147, 246, 271, 

 319, 346; Algae, 530; Characese, 123, 

 530; Diatoms, 90, 531 ; Gymnosperms, 

 346, 533, 534, 535; Marattiaceje, 271, 



2o 



532, 537 : Pteridophytes, 246, 319, 532 ; 

 Red Algae, 147, 530. 



Fossombronia, 199, 211, 213, 215, 219; F. 

 longiseta, Figs. 160, 172. 



Fouquieriaceaj, Fouquierineae, 446. 



Fovea, 317. 



Foxglove (Digitalis), 3(54, 517, 521. 



Fox-grape ( Vitis labrusca) , 56, 543. 



Fragaria, 432 ; F. Virginiana, Fig. 422. 



Frankeniaceae, 446. 



Fraxinus, 366, 448, 452; F. Americana, 

 Fig. 333. 



Free cell-formation, 64. 



Freesia, 391. 



Fremontia, 412, 438, 439 ; F. Calif ornica, 

 Fig. 431. 



Fresh-water Algae, 496, 498. 



Fresh-water sponge (Spongilla) , 99. 



Freycinetia, 384. 



Fritillaria, 24, 390, 548, 550 ; F. Kamtchat- 

 ica, 547. 



Fruit, 32, 359, 360, 367, 381, 412, 413; Di- 

 cotyledons, 412-413; Monocotyledons, 

 381. 



Fruit body (of Fungi) (see also "Spore- 

 fruit"), 168. 



Fucaceae, 123, 125, 129, 130, 131. 



Fuchsia, 412, 442, 490, 518, 525. 



Fucus, 20, 65, 125, 130, 131, 133, 482; F. 

 evanescens, Fig. 103 ; F. fastigiatus, 

 131 ; F. furcatus, 133 ; F. vesiculosus, 

 Figs. 47, 101, 104. 



Fuligo varians (see "-iEthalium"). 



Funaria, 45, 225, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 

 233, 234, 235, 240; F. hygrometrica, 

 Figs. 30, 187, 190, 192-198. 



Fungi, 3, 4, 16, 17, 36, 48, 51, 64, 67, 68, 

 116, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 266, 323, 

 361, 378, 468, 487, 490, 492, 509, 510, 

 511, 528, 531; structure of, 150-151; 

 classification, 152. 



Fungus cellulose, 51, 150, 190. 



Funicularia, 209. 



Funkia, 358. 



Galanthus, 391. 



Galium, 454. 



Galtonia candicans, Fig. 450. 



Gamete, 30, 31, 64, 65, 93, 96, 129; Ecto- 

 carpus, 129; Volvocaceae, 96. 



Gametophore, 225. 



Gametophyte, 17, 19, 31, 32, 145, 195, 196, 

 200, 223, 246, 248, 266, 270, 275, 277, 

 278, 280, 285, 290, 291, 293, 294, 304, 

 311, 312, 319, 324, 325, 329, 330, 338, 

 340, 345, 370, 400 ; Archegoniates, 200 ; 

 Conifers, 338-340; Cycads, 329, 330; 

 Dicotyledons, 400; Equisetum, 293, 



