576 



INDEX 



Sphrerella, 96, 97 ; S. nivalis, 96; S. plu- 

 vialis, Fig. 67. 



Sphaeria, 188; S. LernanesB, 188. 



SpluL-rocarpus, 197, 199, 213, Figs. 158, 

 160; S. cristatus, Fig. 158. 



Sphaeroplaea, 102. 



SpbiBroplaeaceae, 107. 



Sph;erotheca, 170, 171 ; S. castagnei, Fig. 

 136; S.pannosa, 171. 



Sphenophyllales, 310, 319, 533. 



Sphinx, Sphingidae, agents in pollination, 

 519. 



Spigelia Marylandica, 451, Fig. 441. 



Spikelet, 384, 385. 



Spikenard (Aralia) , 442. 



Spindle-fibres, 61, 62. 



Spine, 29, 262. 



Spiraea, 411, 432, Figs. 391, 422. 



Spirillaceae, 78. 



Spirillum, 40, 73, 74, 78 ; S. undula, Figs. 

 27, 51. 



Spirogyra, 15, 20, 64, 110, 111, 473, 475"; 

 S. communis, S. crassa, Fig. 81. 



Spirotsenia, 108, 110; S. muscicola, Fig. 

 79. 



Spongilla, 4, 99, 509. 



Sporangiophore, 159, 268. 



Sporangium, 22, 27, 30, 32, 128, 159, 199, 

 244, 263, 2(54, 268, 269, 271, 279, 284, 288, 

 301, 308, 314, 315, 317, 318, 322, 328, 329, 

 338, 339, 351 ; Angiosperms, 351 ; Arche- 

 goniates, 199 ; Kelps, 128 ; Mucor, 159 ; 

 Pteridophytes, 244 ; Spermatophytes, 

 322. 



Spore-fruit, 141, 144, 145. 



Spores, 6, 7, 31, 32, 51, 74, 97, 151, 163, 

 199, 204, 223, 236, 244, 263, 264, 268, 

 293, 302, 323; Algae, 93; Archegoni- 

 ates, 199; Bacteria, 74; Fungi, 151; 

 Spermatophytes, 323. 



Sporidium, 176, 178. 



Sporocarp, 141, 151, 163, 285, 288, 291. 



Sporocyst, 69, 70. 



Sporogenous filaments, 144. 



Sporophore, 17. 



Sporophyll, 27, 31, 32, 128, 244, 263, 268, 

 271, 273, 274, 293, 301, 308, 309, 317, 

 323, 328, 329, 337, 338, 350, 363. 



Sporophyte, 19, 22, 30, 145, 195, 196, 198, 

 199, 200, 204, 211, 214, 218, 220, 231, 

 238, 241, 244, 245, 254, 267, 268, 271, 

 274, 275, 277, 279, 295, 301, 307, 308, 

 313, 314, 374; Anthocerotales, 220; 

 Hepaticae, 204; Musci, 231; Pterido- 

 phytes, 244; Spermatophytes, 325. 



Spring-beauty (see also " Claytonia "), 23. 



Spring-cress (see also " Cardamine," 

 "Dentaria"),23. 



Spruce (see also " Picea "), 535, 544, 547, 

 548. 



Spurious tissues, 18. 



Squash, 50, 



Stachyuracese, 447. 



Stackhousiacese, 445. 



Stamen, 27, 32, 350, 351, 363. 



Staminodia, 380, 394, 395, 396, 423. 



Stangeria paradoxa, 327. 



Stapelia, 519. 



Staphylea, 435, 437; S. trifolia, Fig. 

 427. 



Staphyleaceae, 437, 445. 



Starch, 2, 4, 35, 38, 50, 54, 55, 199, 473, 

 474, 478, 479. 



Starch formers, 48. 50, 54, 55. 



Staurastrum, 108; S. gracile, Fig. 79. 



Stegocarpae, 239, 240. 



Stem, 10, 14, 19, 22, 23, 252, 253, 255, 317, 

 327, 332, 333, 360, 406 ; Angiosperms, 

 360 ; Conifers, 332 ; Cycads, 327 ; Dicot- 

 yledons, 406 ; Ferns, 252 ; Isoetes, 317 ; 

 Modified stems, 23. 



Stemonitis, 70 ; S. fusca, Fig. 50. 



Stephaninoidese, 219. 



Sterculiaceae, 439, 446. 



Stereome, 299. 



Stichidia, 139. 



Stigeoclonium, 101, 104; S. temte, Fig. 

 71. 



Stigma, 351. 



Stigmatomyces, 173 ; S. Baeri, Fig. 140. 



Stigonemataceae, 84. 



Stink-horn, 186. 



Stipe, 258. 



Stipule, 25. 



St. John's-wort (see " Hypericum ") . 



Stolon, 24, 362. 



Stoma, 2, 25, 206, 221, 231, 254, 258, 259, 

 299, 328, 335, 377, 462, 463, 465 ; Antho- 

 ceros, 221; Cycas, 328; Equisetum, 

 299; Fern, 259; Marchantiaceae, 206 ; 

 Musci, 231 ; Pinus, 335. 



Stomium, 264, 255. 



Stone-fruit (Drupe), 359, 360. 



Stone-pine (see "Pinus Pinea"). 



Stonewort (see " Chara," " Characese"). 



Strawberry, 24, 360, 432, 433, 542, Fig. 

 422. 



Streaming of protoplasm,' 39, 41, 151. 



Strelitzia, 474. 



Streptotheca, 168 ; S. Boudieri, 168. 



Strobilus, 337. 



Stroma, 170. 



Stromatopteris moniliformis, 275. 



Structural resemblances of plants and 

 animals, 3. 



Struthiopteris, 17, 242, 247, 248, 249, 250, 



