178 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



ness and inaccessibility. The trial plant- 

 ings are to be made on about seventy acres 

 in the bottom of little Tujunta canyon, 

 northwest of Sunland, one hundred acres 

 in the foot-hills beyond Del Rosa in San 

 Bernardino County, and about fifty acres 

 in Santa Ana canyon. 



The Experimental Wood Pulp Mill 



The experimental ground wood pulp mill 

 which the United States Forest Service 

 has been equipping at Wausau, Wisconsin, 

 in cooperation with the American Pulp 

 and Paper Association, has begun to grind. 

 The carrying on of the tests now announced 

 as under way was provided for by a special 

 appropriation, placed at the disposal of the 

 Secretary of Agriculture by Congress last 

 winter, to conduct tests of the suitability 

 for paper making of plants and woods 

 which seem likely to become valuable 

 sources of supply of new material. 



Secretary Wilson considered that the 

 best use which could be made of this money 

 would be to conduct experiments on a 

 commercial scale, with various kinds of 

 wood. Some of these have already been 

 studied in the laboratory, and found to 

 be intrinsically suitable for pulp manu- 

 facture. Indeed, the Forest Service has 

 actually made paper by one of the chemical 

 processes from several of them. But in 

 order to know whether they can profitably 

 be utilized, under present conditions, it is 

 necessary to test them under methods of 

 manufacture comparable to those employed 

 in actual business operations. In particu- 

 lar, it is desired to find out to what extent 

 new woods can be used for ground pulp, 

 the cost of which is usually less than that 

 of chemical pulp. 



The Wausau mill has been built espe- 

 cially for the use of the government as long 

 as the experiments may require. Its in- 

 side dimensions are 40 by 100 feet, and it 

 is equipped with electrical machinery and 

 all necessary apparatus of the most up-to- 

 date type. Part of the equipment is con- 

 tributed by the American Pulp and Paper 

 Association, and part is furnished by the 

 government. The association will also fur- 

 nish the wood for the tests. The wood now 

 on hand includes carload lots of jack pine, 

 spruce, hemlock, and tamarack. The jack 

 pine is to be the first wood tested. 



While the experiments are intended to 

 cover woods from all parts of the country 

 which, from the standpoint of physical 

 properties and available supplies, promise 

 to furnish new material for the paper- 

 making industry, a special point will be 

 made of tests of Western woods which 

 are abundant in the national forests. There 

 are enormous supplies of various softwoods 

 in these forests for which there now exists 

 little demand. In order to have forests 

 produce timber steadily they must be cut; 

 but if there is a market only for timber 

 from the most valuable kinds of trees the 

 result of cutting is likely to be the disap- 

 pearance of these trees and their replace- 

 ment in the forest growth by species which 

 are not in demand. Since the pulp mills 

 take material too small for the lumber 

 mills, species suitable for paper making 

 can be cut to a low timber diameter, and 

 thus the balance may be turned in favor 

 of the reproduction of the more valuable 

 kinds of trees. 



In addition to the benefit which the pub- 

 lic will derive from the advancement of 

 forest conservation in consequence of the 

 wood pulp experiments of the government, 

 there is the further benefit of cheaper 

 paper which it is believed these experi- 

 ments should make possible. 



Boundary Changes 



Recent announcements of additions to 

 and eliminations from national forests, are 

 as follows: 



