NEWS AND NOTES 



247 



in the paper. The instruments employed 

 are Illustrated, and the manner in which 

 they are used is shown. 



Among the river basins considered are 

 those of the James, Yadkin, Santee, Sa- 

 vannah, Altamaha, Appalachicola, Choc- 

 tawhatchee, Mobile, and Pearl, with their 

 most important tributaries. A summary 

 showing the great divergencies in sea- 

 sonal rates of flow exhibited by these 

 streams is appended to the text. 



A Canadian View 



A Tery interesting letter has recently ap- 

 peared from Senator W. C. Edwards, presi- 

 dent of the Canadian Forestry Association, 

 in favor of the reciprocity agreement. Com- 

 ing from one of the leading lumber opera- 

 tors, timberland owners, and paper mill 

 men in Canada, this letter contains some 

 statements that are well worth noting. 

 Among other things, Mr. Edwards says: 



"Amongst the questions that attract more 

 or less attention in the discussion going 

 on at present in Parliament is that of the 

 capturing and despoiling by the Americans 

 of our natural resources. Our principal 

 natural resources, so far as I am aware, 

 are the products of the farm, the forests, 

 the mines and fisheries, and of these, where 

 the most fear is apprehended, are our for- 

 est products, say lumber and perhaps more 

 particularly pulp wood; there are, in the 

 minds of very many of our people, some 

 very mistaken ideas with regard to this 

 subject. 



"In the minds of many Canadians the 

 Americans have practically exhausted their 

 forest resources, and are in immediate need 

 of securing their requirements from Can- 

 ada. This is not true. The United States 

 possess to-day vastly more lumber than 

 Canada and cutting as they are, say 40 

 billion feet per annum, they are said to 

 have suflBcient to supply their wants for 

 from twenty-five to thirty years. Just 

 where she is to look for her supply after 

 that time I have no idea. Most people 

 think Canada will then be her source of 

 supply, but this is an error. For while it 

 is true that up to date no approximately 

 accurate estimate has been made of our 

 timber resources, yet quite enough is as- 

 certained to make it well known that the 

 total timber resources of Canada suitable 

 for lumber for immediate cutting would 

 not supply the United States for more than 

 eight or ten years. 



"As far as pulp wood is concerned the 

 situation is different. Our resources in 

 spruce, suitable for pulp making, are very 

 much greater than theirs, and again the 

 total quantity required annually for paper 

 making is quite a small item compared with 

 the quantity of lumber consumed. 



"What the position of the United States 

 is to be 20 to 30 years hence In her lumber 

 requirements is a great and important ques- 

 tion, and one which is in their hands to 

 solve. 



"But the important question engaging 

 the minds of some Canadians at the mo- 

 ment is that should the duty on Canadian 

 lumber entering the United States be abol- 

 ished, and that should the further provis- 

 ion take place, viz., that for the free entry 

 of Canadian pulp and paper into the United 

 States, the provinces relax their regulations 

 that pulp wood cut from the crown do- 

 main shall be manufactured in Canada, 

 that what will follow will be greatly in- 

 creased exhaustion of our forests conse- 

 quent on improved prices for our lumber 

 and the sale of our pulp wood to the 

 United States, and I at once admit that this 

 is a most reasonable deduction to arrive at 

 on the part of those unfamiliar with the 

 true situation. 



"The agitation against the exportation 

 of pulp wood first arose on the part of the 

 pulp and paper makers of Canada, with 

 the view of circumscribing the market for 

 their own selfish ends; but misguided and 

 uninformed patriotism has now carried 

 them away." 



Continuing, he refers to the removal of 

 the duty on lumber, and says it will not 

 stimulate lumber production, but will let 

 the Canadians penetrate a little further 

 into the United States. 



Then he continues "It cannot be attrib- 

 uted to me that I have any selfish ends to 

 serve in what I suggest, as I am a pro- 

 tective pulp and paper maker and have 

 never exported pulp wood and never ex- 

 pect to, and that my firm conviction is that 

 the free admission of our lumber into the 

 United States will not have the effect of 

 increasing Canadian products, and that the 

 removal of the manufacturing provision of 

 the provinces, as applied to pulp wood, will 

 do Canada incalculable good and no harm 

 whatever. 



"My frank opinion is that by far the 

 greater benefit to be realized by Canadian 

 lumbermen will be from the general im- 

 proved conditions Canada will most cer- 

 tainly enjoy if the suggested lowering of 

 tariffs on both sides of the line takes place. 

 This, I believe, will be far and beyond the 

 most sanguine expectations of the promot- 

 ers and supporters of the proposition. And 

 now as to pulp wood, I affirm that forest 

 conservation is a matter by itself, and 

 stands on its own bottom. The crown, 

 represented by the various provinces, en- 

 acts the regulations and through such reg- 

 ulations controls the cutting. The matter 

 of forest conservation is not involved in 

 dictating to the limit holder the form 

 in which he shall sell his product. 



