14 THE ADVANCE OF SCIENCE 



Newton had crowned the long labors of 

 the astronomers and the physicists, by co- 

 ordinating the phenomena of molar mo- 

 tion throughout the visible universe into 

 one vast system ; but the ' Principia ' 

 helped no man to either wealth or com- 

 fort. Descartes, Newton, and Leibnitz 

 had opened up new worlds to the mathe- 

 matician, but the acquisitions of their 

 genius enriched only man's ideal estate. 

 Descartes had laid the foundations of ra- 

 tional cosmogony and of physiological 

 psychology ; Boyle had produced models 

 of experimentation in various branches of 

 physics and chemistry ; Pascal and Torri- 

 celli had weighed the air ; Malpighi and 

 Grew, Ray and Willoughby had done 

 work of no less importance in the biologi- 

 cal sciences ; but weaving and spinning 

 were carried on with the old appliances ; 

 nobody could travel faster by sea or by 

 land than at any previous time in the 

 world's history, and King George could 



