WOOD'S CLASS-BOOK OP BOTANY. XV 



Show the coiled embryo in fig. 475. 



Show the bursting embryo in fig. 476. 



Show the liberated embryo in tigs. 477, 478, 479, 480. 



612. What becomes of the radicle? Of the cotyledons? 

 How does the plumule develop ? Show by the figures. 



613. In what plants do the cotyledons remain below ? 



614. Show by figs. 481, 482, how the monocotyledon germinates. 



615. What the three conditions requisite for germination? 



616. Why is moisture requisite ? 



61 7. Why air ? Whence comes the sugar ? 



618. What degrees of warmth ? Give some strange exceptions. 



620. What good explanation of the downward tendency of the root can you give ? 



CHAPTER XV. 



621. In the lowest Cryptogams, are the parts distinct ? 

 In the higher, how is it ? 



622. How are they distinguished from the Phaenogams ? 



623. What is said of the root, stem, and leaves in Fungi, etc. ? 



(NOTE. This chapter may be as well reviewed by the topics as by questions.) 



PAET SECOND. 



CHAPTER I. 



638. Of what is all vegetable structure composed ? 



639. How is the cell denned ? What is the primary form of the cell? 



641. Mention three general types. 



642. Whence do the casual forms result ? Name some of them. 

 043. What is the size of vegetable cells ? 



C44. Of what length are some wood-cells and bark-cells ? 



645. Describe the two layers of the cell-wall. 



646. How may we bring the primordial utricle to view as in fig. 568? 



647. How does it appear that the cell- wall is porous? 



648. What appearance does a third layer make ? 



649. What fills up the wood-cells ? Show them by fig. 560. 



650. What the appearance of pitted cells ? 

 Illustrate these cells in figs. 569 and 570. 



651. What is the wonderful structure of spiral cells ? Show them in figs. 



571, 572, 573, 577, and in petioles. 



652. Show an annular cell in fig. 574, and where else? 



653. Show a scalariform cell in fig. 575, and where else ? 



654. What is the material of the outer cell- wall ? 



What are its chemical elements ? What are the chemical elements of 

 the inner cell- wall? 



655. What do the cells contain? What is cytoblast? Protoplasm? 



656. What is the condition of the coloring matter ? 



657. What is the structure and color of chlorophylle ? Describe fig. 567. 



658. What is the composition of the starch granules ? (Figs. 579, 580.) 



660. What are raphides ? Show figs. 582, 583. 



661. Show how the cells arc multiplied. 



