230 ORDER 13. CRUCIFER^L 



at apex. fy One of the most popular flowers of the genus, native of England, 

 etc. St. 2f high. Fls. purple. Several varieties are enumerated, as the doublo 

 flowered, Brornpton Stock, Brompton Queen. Jn.f 



4 M. fenestralis R. Br. Erect, simple; Ivs. crowded, recurved, undulate, 

 downy; siliques downy, broadest at base. 1J. From S. Europe. Plant If high. 

 Fls. numerous, large, purple. Jl., Aug.f 



5. DENTARIA, L. PEPPER-ROOT. (Lat. dens, a tooth ; from the 

 tooth-like projections of the rhizome.) Sepals converging ; silique 

 lance-linear, with ilat, veinless valves, often opening clastically ; placentae 

 not winged ; sds. in a single row, ovate, not bordered ; funiculus broad 

 (0 = ). Rhizome H. Lvs. palmately divided, those of the stem but 2 

 or 3, somewhat whorled. Fls. white or purplish, in a terminal 

 raceme. 



* Leaves of the stem sub-opposite or sub- vcrti dilate ............................... Nos. 1 3 



Leaves of the stem alternate.- ........ ........... . ................................. Nos. 4, 5 



1 D. diphylla L. St. 2-leaved ; Ifts. subovate; rhizome continuous, toothed. In 

 woods and wet meadows, Can. to Car., W. to the Miss. St. about If high, 

 round, smooth, with 2, nearly opposite, ternate leaves above the middle. Lfts. 

 on very short stalks, the lateral ones oblique, all with rounded, mucronato, un- 

 equal teeth. Fls. racemed, large, white ; the petals much larger than the calyx. 

 The rootstock is long and largo in proportion to the plant, beset with teeth, with 

 a pungent, aromatic taste. May. 



2 D. laciniata Muhl. Cauline Ivs. 3, 3-parted, the divisions lanceolate or linear- 

 oblong, obtuse, lobed, toothed or entire ; rhiz. moniliform. In woods, Can. and U. 

 S. The rootstock consists of several connected tubers of a pungent taste. Stem 

 ]f high, smooth, simple. Lvs. usually in a whorl about half way up, the segm. 

 with very irregular, mucronate teeth, rarely subentiro, lateral ones sometimes 

 cut nearly to the base, rendering the leaf almost quinate. Root-lvs. generally 

 wanting. Fls. racemed, purplish. Apr., May. 



3 D. multifida Muhl. Cauline Ivs. mostly 3, and verticillate, rarely 2, multifid 

 with numerous linear lobes ; rhiz. tuberous. In woods, N. Car, to Ala., rare. St. 

 G 10' high. Lvs. finely dissected in a bi- or triteruate manner. Fls. white, 

 smaller than in the above species. 



4 D. maxima Nutt. Stem about 3-leaved (2 to 7) ; Ifts. 3, ovate, toothed or cleft ; 

 rhiz. moniliform, the tubers toothed. N. Y. and Penn., rare. Tubers of the 

 rootstock thick as the finger, an inch or more in length. St. 1 2f high, bear- 

 ing a lengthened raceme, with pale purple flowers which are larger than in No. 1, 

 and several alternate, remote, ternate, petiolate Ivs. Lfts. sharply and coarsely 

 cut-toothed or lobed. May. 



5 D. heteroph^lla Nutt. St. about 2-leaved(2 or 3), leaflets 3, lanceolate and nearly 

 entire; root-lvs. of 3, ovate-oblong, toothed and cut-lobed Ifts. ; rhiz, moniliform, 

 scarcely toothed. Pcnn., Va., Ky. A small and delicate species, some 6' high. 

 Tubers of the root few (1 3), oblong. Radical If. always present, long-potioled. 

 The alternate stem-lvs. small (!' long), also petiolate. Fls. few (G 9), pale- 

 purple. Jn. 



6. CARDAMINE, L. BITTER CRESS. (Gr. Kapdia, heart, 

 to strengthen ; from its stomachic properties.) Calyx a little spreading, 

 silique linear with flat, veinless valves, narrower than the dissepiment, 

 and often opening elastically from the base *, stigma entire ; seeds nqj 

 margined, with a slender funiculus (0 = ). Fls. white or purple. 



* Leaves pinnate, with many leaflets ............................................. Nos. 1, 2 



* Leaves simple, or partly ternate. Routs mostly perennial, (a) 



a Style slender. In low, wet grounds ......... '. ................................ Nos. 3, 4 



a Style none. In high mountains ............................................... Nos. 5, 6 



1 C. hirstita L. St. (hirsute in Europe) glabrous, erect; Ivs. pinnately 5 11- 

 foliate, terminal Ifl. largest; Us. (white) small,' silique erect, linear or filiform ; stig* 



