254 ORDER 21. CARYOPHYLLACE^E. 



f 4. PARONYCniEJS. Sepals herbaceous, distinct or nearly so PAROXTCIUA. 16 



Sepals white above, united in a tube below STPUONTCHIA. IT 



SUBORDER III. SCLERANTHLNE^E. 

 h Styles 2. Utricle inclosed in the hardened calyx tubo . . .SCIILKIIAXTIUJS. 38 



SUBORDER IV. MOLLUGINE^E. 

 k Styles 3. Stamens hypogynous, 3 or 5. Ilerb prostrate. .MOLLUGO. 19 



1. DIANTHUS, L. PINK. (Gr. A^, dvOo^ the flower of Jove, 

 alluding to its preeminent beauty and fragrance.) Calyx cylindrical, 

 tubular, striate, with 2 or more pairs of opposite, imbricated scales or 

 bractlets at base ; petals 5, with long claws, limb unequally notched ; 

 stamens 10 ; styles 2, tapering, with long, recurved stigmas ; caps, 

 cylindric, 1-celled. Beautiful Oriental plants, everywhere cultivated. 



Flowers in dense corymbs. Scales as long as the calyx Nos. 1, 2 



Scales ovate, awned, short No. 7 



Flowers solitary or panicled. Petals toothed or crenatc Nos. 3. 4 



-Petals fringed ... Nos. 5, 6 



1 D. Armeria. WILD PINK. Lvs, linear-subulate, hairy ; fls. aggregate, fascicled ; 

 scales of the calyx lanceolate, subulate, as long as the downy tube. (T) Our only 

 wild species of the pink, found in fields and pine woods, Mass, to N. J. St. 

 erect, 1 2f high, branching. Lvs. erect, 1 2' long, 1 3" wide at the clasping 

 base, tapering to a subulate point. Fls. inodorous, in dense fascicles of 3 or 

 more. Cal. and its scales f long. Petals small, pink-colored, sprinkled with 

 white, crenate. Aug. Eur. 



2 D. barbatus L. SWEET "WILLIAM OR BUNCH PIXK. Lvs. lanceolate; fls. 

 aggregate, fascicled; scales of the calyx ovate-subulate, as long as the tube. 14 

 An ornamental flower, still valued as in the times of old Gerarde, " for its beauty 

 to deck up tho bosoms of the beautiful, and garlands and crowns for pleasure." 

 Stems l^f high, thick. Lvs. 3 to 6' by ^ to 1', narrowed to the clasping base. 

 Pis. in fastigiate cymes, red or whitish, often greatly variegated. May Jl. f 



3 D. Chinensis L. CHINA PINK. St. branched; Ivs. linear-lanceolate; fls. 

 solitary ; scales, linear, leafy, spreading, as lony as the tube. Native of China. 

 An elegant species, well characterized by its leafy, spreading scales, and its large, 

 toothed or crenate, red petals. The foliage, like that of the other species, is ever- 

 green, being as abundant and vivid in winter as in summer. 



4 D. caryoph^llus L. CARNATION", BIZARRES, PICOTEES, FLAKES, &c. Lvs. 

 linear-subulate, channeled, glaucous ; fls. solitary ; scales very short, ovate ; petals 

 very broad, beardless, creaate. Stem 2 3 f high, branched. Fls. white and crim- 

 son; petals crenate. This species is supposed to be the parent of all the splendid 

 varieties of the Carnation. Over 400 sorts are now enumerated by florists, distin- 

 guished mostly by some peculiarity in color, which is crimson, white, red, purple, 

 scarlet, yellow, and arranged in every possible order of stripes, dots, flakes and 

 angles. 



5 D. plumarius L. PHEASANT'S EYE. Glaucous ; st. 2 3-flowered ; fls. 

 solitary; calyx teeth obtuse; scales ovate, very acute; Ivs. linear, rough at tho 

 edge; petals many-cleft, hairy at the throat. If Native of Europe. From this 

 species probably originated those beautiful pinks called Pheasaut's-eye, of which 

 there are enumerated in Scotland no less than 300 varieties. Fls. white and 

 purple. Jn. Aug. f 



6 D. superbua L. Lvs. linear-subulate ; fls. fastigiate; scales short, ovate, 

 mucronato ; petals pinnate. If A singular, beautiful pink, native of Europe. 

 St. 2f high, branching, with many flowers. Petals white, gashed in a pinnate 

 manner beyond the middle, and hairy at the mouth. Jl. Sept 



7 D. Carthusianomm L. The MONTHLY PINK, common in house cultiva- 

 tion, with bright green, channeled, linear leaves, short, caespitous stems, pink-red, 

 double flowers, appears to be H variety of this species. 



2. SAPONARIA, L. SOAPWORT. (Latin sopo, soap; the mucila- 



