ORDER 63. UMBELLIFEILE. 379 



cuneate, petiolate, angular-toothed, lower stem Ivs. 3 -cleft, with lance-linear, cut- 

 toothed segm., upper all linear or filiform, clustered, obtuse, entire ; ped. longer 

 than the Ivs. ; hds. very small, globular; invol. not distinguishable from the entire 

 scales. Ij. Tallahassee (Mettauer) to Apalachicola (Chapman). St. 10 to 20' 

 long. Hds. 2" diam. (E. gracile Baldw.) 



4 E. aromaticum Baldw. Lvs. pinnate segm. cuspidate, entire, cartilaginous along 

 the margin, the 3 upper more distant and conspicuous; Ifts. of the invol. about 

 5, 3-cleft; hds. globous, long-pedunculate; scales tricuspidate. H In dry pine 

 barrens, Fla. Sts. 9 to 18' long, assurgent, beset with the short (!') bristly, pin- 

 nate Ivs. Hds. many, 6 to 8" diam. Aug. Nov. 



5 E. virgattini Lam. Lvs. oval or oblong, thin, abruptly petiolate, dentate-serrate, 

 the upper cauline, subsessile ; invol. of 6 to 8 linear Ivs., longer than the de- 

 pressed, globeus hds. ; scales tricuspidate. % Wet pine barrens, S. Car. to Fla. 

 and La. St. 2 to 4f high, simple or cymously branched with slender, virgato 

 branches. Hds. 5'' diam. Fls. pale blue or white. Jl. Sept. (E. ovalifolium MX.) 



6 E. Virgin! anum Lam. Lvs. linear-lanceolate, uncinately serrate, tapering to 

 both ends ; invol. of 7 to 8 linear Ifts., longer than the hds., 3-eleft or spinous-den- 

 tate ; scales tricuspidate. ^ Marshes, N. J. (Rev. J. Holton) to Ohio and La. 

 St. hollow, 3 to 4f high, branched above. Lvs. 6 to 10' by 5 to 10", upper ones 

 much smaller. Hds. numerous, less than 1' in length. Fls. pale blue, or nearly 

 white. Jl., Aug. (E. aquaticum MX.) 



7 E. Mettaiieri. Tall, simple, erect ; Ivs. linear, few, distinctly dent-serrate, con- 

 sisting chiefly of the fistular, inflated, membranous midvein, jointed by transverse 

 partitions within and narrowly winged by the lamina ; bracts of the invol. 8 to 

 10, silvery above, longer than the head, with long, cuspidate teeth ; scales tri- 

 cuspidate. r 4- In wet places, Newport, Fla. (Mettauer.) The tallest of our spe- 

 cies, often 6f high. Its characteristic, hollo w-jointed Ivs. are 12 to 20' long. 

 Allied to E. Yirginianum Lam. 



5. POLYTAE'NIA, DC. (Gr. rrokvg, many, ratvta, vittse.) Calyx 

 limb 5-toothed ; petals with a long infiexed point ; fruit oval, glabrous, 

 lenticularly compressed on the back, with a thickened, corky margin ; 

 ribs obscure or obsolete ; commissure with 4 to G vittss ; seeds plano- 

 convex. A smooth herb, with bipinnately divided Ivs. Invol. 0. In- 

 vol ucel of setaceous bracts. 



P. Nuttallii DC. Prairies and barrens, "W. States, etc. St. furrowed, scabrous or 

 nearly smooth. Lower Ivs. on long petioles, segm. incisely toothed, upper ones 

 3-cleft, lobes entire or with lateral teeth. Umbels terminal and opposite the Ivs., 

 about 2' broad. Fruit large (3" long) tumid and smooth, with a thick, corky 

 pericarp, and the flavor of turpentine. May. 



6. PASTINA'CA, Tourn. PARSNIP. (Lat. pastus, food or repast; 

 from tho nutritive properties of the root.) Calyx limb 5-toothed ; 

 petals broad-lanceolate, with a long inflexed point ; fruit much com- 

 pressed, oval, with a broad margin ; carpels with 5 nearly obsolete 

 ribs ; intervals with single vittse ; carpophore 2-parted ; seeds flat. 

 Kt. fusiform. Invol. mostly 0; involucels or few-leaved. Fls. yel- 

 low. (Includes our genera 8, 9, and 31, according to Benth. &Hook.) 

 P. eativa L. Lvs. pinnate, downy beneath, Ifts. oblong, incisely toothed, the upper 



one 3-lobed. Grows wild abundantly in fields, by fences, etc. The root is fusi- 

 form, large, sweet flavored, esculent, as every one knows, in its cultivated state, 

 but in its wild state becomes hard, acrid and poisonous, and much dwindled ia 

 size. St. 3f high, erect, furrowed, smooth, branching. Umbels large, terminal. 

 Fls. yellow, small. Fr. large, flat. JL \ 



1, HERAC'LEUM, L. Cow PARSNIP. (Named after the hero Her- 

 cules ; it being a rank, robust plant.) Calyx limb of 5 small, ^ acute 

 teeth ; petals obcordate, with the point inflexed, often radiant in tho 



