400 ORDER 67 RUBIACEJE. 



(3. LANCEOLATUM Torr. Very smooth ; Ivs. lanceolate ; fr. sessile. A fmo va- 

 riety with larger leaves (2' or more in iengtyi). Fls. purple. (G. Torreyi Bw.) 



y. MONTANUM T. & G. Dwarf; Ivs. obovate. "White Mts. (Oakes.) (G. Lit- 

 telfi Oakes.) 



4 G. latifolium MX. St. erect, smooth; Ivs. in 4s, lanceolate, 3-veined, very 

 acute. ; ped. axillary (leafy) and terminal, about twico trichotomous ; purple fls. 

 and smooth fruit on filiform pedicels. Mts. E. Tenn. and Va. to Ga. An elegant 

 species. St. about 2f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' long. Pis. very small, pedicels 2 to 6" 

 long, divaricate. Jl. 



5 G. boreale L. St. erect, smooth ; Ivs. in 4s, linear-lanceolate, rather acute, 

 3-veined, smooth ; fls. in a terminal pyramidal panicle. Grows in rocky, shady 

 places, N. States and Brit. Am. Sts. If or more high, several together, branched 

 above. Lvs. 12 to 20" by 2 to 0'', tapering to an obtusish point Fls. numer- 

 ous, small, white, in a thyrse-like panicle at top of tho stern. Fr. small. Jl. (G. 

 septentrionale Bw.) 



6 G. hispiclulum MX. Diffuse, minutely hispid ; Ivs. in 4s, oval, thickish, mostly 

 acute or mucronate ; ped. axillary, 1 to 3-flowered ; fr. fleshy and berry-like, large, 

 bluish-purplo. S. Car to Fla. and La. Sts. sharply 4-angled. Lvs. 5 to 7" by 2 

 to 3", margin somewhat revolute. Pedicels of the fr. about G" long. May Oct. 



7 G. unifldrum. MX. Glabrous ; sis. ccespitous, slender, many, ascending ; Ivs. in 

 4s. linear, acute; ped. axillary, solitary, bearing 2 to 4 bracts, mostly 1-flowered ; 

 fr. oblong, fleshy, smooth, purple. Damp woods, S. Car. to Fla. and La. St. 

 straight, nearly simple, about If high, tho Ivs. about 1' by 1'', and 1-veined. Fr. 

 smaller than in No. 6. May. 



8 G. trifldruni MX. St. weak, often procumbent, smoothish, shining ; Ivs. in 5s 

 and 6s, elliptic and lanceolate, acuminate-cuspidate, 1-veined, scarcely ciliate on 

 the margin ; ped. elongated, axillary, 3 (rarely 2)-flowered at the extremity, often 

 twico di- or trichotomous ; fls. pedicellate ; fr. hispid with hooked hairs. Moist 

 woods, Can. and U. S. St. 1 to 3f long, slightly branched. Lvs. 1 to 2' long, 

 as broad, often obovate. Fl. greenish white, small. Fr. whitish, with its uncinato 

 clothing. Jl. 



9 G. asprellum MX. ROUGH CLEAVERS or CLIVERS. St. diffuse, very branch- 

 ing, rough backwards ; Ivs. in 6s, 5s, or 4s, lanceolate, acuminate or cuspidate, mar- 

 gin and midvein retrorsely aculeate ; ped. short, in 2s or 3s. Common in thickets 

 and low grounds, Can. and N". States. St. weak, 2 to 5f long, leaning on other 

 plants, and closely adhering to them by its minute, retrorse prickles. Lvs. 5 to 

 8" by 2 to 3 '. Fls. white, small and numerous. Fr. minute, smooth, often 

 slightly hispid when young. Jl. 



10 G. trifidum L. DYER'S CLEAVERS. GOOSE-GRASS. St. decumbent, very 

 branching, roughish with retrorse prickles ; Ivs. in 5s and 4s, linear-oblong or ob- 

 lanceolate, obtuse, rough-edged; parts of tho fls. mostly in 3s. If In low, wet 

 grounds, Can. and U. S. It is ono of tho smallest of tho species. Lvs. 3 to 6" 

 by 1 to 2", often cuneato at base. Ped. mostly in 3s, and axillary. Fls. small, 

 white. Jl. 



ft. TINCTORIUII Torr. St. nearly smootli ; Ivs. of tho st. in 6s, of tho branches 

 in 4s ; ped. 2 or 3-flowered ; parts of the fl. in 4s. A somewhat less slen- 

 der variety than the first. The root is said to dye a permanent red. (G. tinc- 

 torium L.) 



y. LATIFOLIUM Torr. Lvs. in 4s, oblanccolate, obtuse ; ped. 3-flowered ; parts 

 of the fl. in 4s. 



11 G. concmnum Torr. & Gr. St. decumbent, diffusely branched, retrorsely 

 scabrous on the angles ; Ivs. in 6s. linear, glabrous, l-veined, scabrous upwards on 

 the margins; ped. filiform, twico or thrice trichotomous, with short pedicels; 

 lobes of tho corolla acute. Dry woods and hills, Mich., Ky., Ind. Sts. very 

 slender, 10 to 15' high. Lvs in numerous whorls, 5 to 8" by 1", slightly broader 

 in the middle. Fls. minute and numerous, white. Ju. 



12 G. Apariiie L. St. weak, procumbent, retrorsely prickly ; Ivs. in Ss, 7s, or 6s, 

 linear- oblanceolate, mucronate, rough on tho midvein and margin ; ped. axillary, 

 1 to 2-flowered. (D In wet thickets, Can. and N. States to Ind. (Plummer.) Sts. 

 several feet long, leaning oa other plants and closely adhering by their hooked 



