ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 427 



scales in 5 or 6 series, closely imbricated ; rays longer than the invol. ; e.ch. glab- 

 rous. Swamps, Fla. (Chapman.) A curious Aster, very slender, with large lids., 

 20 to 30-rayed, spreading 2', purple. 



47 A- linifolius L. SEA ASTER. St. paniculate, much branched from tho base ; 

 ivs. long, linear, very acute, the uppermost subulate ; invol. cylindric, with subu- 

 late scales in about 3 rows ; rays minute, in two series, scarcely exserted. An 

 annual species, found in salt marshes, Mass, to Car. St. 12 to 18' high, very- 

 smooth, thick, reddish. Lvs. smooth, sessile. The plant is very branching, with 

 numerous small lids., almost discoid from the shortness of the rays. Aug. 



48 A. subtilatus MX. Annual ; slender, much branched, glabrous ; branches- 

 corymbed, slender Ivs. linear-subulate, scabrous, long-linear below ; scales lance- 

 linear, acute, in 2 or 3 series ; rays numerous, narrow, longer than the disk, in one 

 row. Damp grounds, S. Car. to Fla. Sts. 1 to of high. Hds. small, with about 

 20 blue rays longer than the disk. Sept., Oct. (A. d'tvaricatus Nutt.) 



<?. EXILIS. Taller, with fewer branches, corymbed ; lids, racemed or solitary. 

 Rays pale purple. Columbus, Ga. (A. exilis Ell.) Height 2 to 4f. 



19. DIPLOPAP'PUS, Cass. DOUBLE-BRISTLED ASTER. (Gr. dt-rrXoo^. 

 double, Trdnnog, pappus.) Heads many-flowered ; ray-flowers about 

 12, ?; disk-flowers ; involucre imbricate, scales narrow, destitute of 

 green tips ; receptacle flat, subalveolate ; pappus double, the exterior 

 very short (about i" long), interior copious, capillary; achenia com- 

 pressed. 2 Lvs. entire, alternate. Rays cyanic. Disk yellow. 



Rays violet, Achenia silky. Bristles of the inner pappus alike No. 1 



Jiuys whitish. Some of the longer bristles clavellate. Ach. smoothish Nos. 2, 8 



Ach. villous So. 4 



1 D. linariifolius Hook. St. straight, roughish; "branches 1-flowered, fastigi- 

 ate ; scales imbricate, carinate, as long as the disk ; Ivs. linear, entire, 1-veined, 

 mucronate, carinate, rough, rigid, those of the branches recurved. A handsome 

 species, in dry woods, along streams, U. S. and Can. Stems subsimple, purplish, 

 about a foot high. Leaves numerous, obtuse, with a small, mucronate point, shin- 

 ing above. Branchlets near the top, leafy, each with one rather large and showy, 

 violet-colored head. Aug., Sept. (Aster, L.) 



2 D. umbellatus Hook. St. smooth, straight, simple ; hds. numerous, in a level 

 corymb ; Ivs. long, lanceolate, smooth, acuminate at each end, rough on tho mar- 

 gin; invol. scales obtusely lanceolate; ach. pubescent in lines. Low grounds, river 

 banks, fields, K Eng. to La. St. 3 to 4f high (in dry fields but 1 to 2f) pur- 

 plish, channeled, branching at top into a large, level-topped, compound corymb. 

 Lvs. narrow, entire, 4 to G' in length, those of the branchlets smaller. Rays about 

 12, white. Disk yellow. Aug., Sept. (A. amygdalinus MX. A. umbellatus Ait.) 



. AMYGDALiNua St. roughish above, green ; branches of the corymb divari- 

 cate ; Ivs. broader. Lower and less elegant than variety a. Common. 



3 D. cornifolius Less. St. smooth below, scabrous and slightly paniculate 

 above, few-flowered ; Ivs. elliptical, thin, long-acuminate at both ends, entire, with 



scattered hairs, rough-edged, invol. scales imbricate, shorter than the disk, obtuse ; 

 ach. glabrous. Grows in woods N. and M. States. Whole plant nearly smooth, 

 erect, 1 to 2f high. Lvs. paler beneath, on very short stalks or sessile. Fls. few, 

 large ; outer scales very short Rays about 10, white. Jl., Aug. (Aster, Muhl.) 



4 D. obovatus Torr. & Gr. Cinereous-pubescent, corymbous above ; Ivs. oblong- 

 obovate or elliptical, acute, sessile or the lower or short petioles, tomentous be- 

 neath; scales loose, linear-subulate, acute, in about 3 rows, downy, rusty yellow; 

 ach. silky- villous. Damp shades, S. Car. to Fla. Height 2 to 3f. Lvs. longer 

 than the internodes (2 to 3'), rarely with a few teeth. Invol. broadly obconic. 

 Rays narrow, white, spreading 1 J'. Pappus rusty white. Sept., Oct. (Aster, Ell.) 



20. ERIG'ERON, L. FLEA-BANE. WHITE-WEED. (Gr. r/p, the spring, 

 yepuv, old man ; because it is soon hoary.) Heads many-flowered, sub- 

 hemispherical ; ray-flowers 2 , very numerous (40 to 200), narrow, lin- 

 ear; flowers of the disk $ ; receptacle flat, naked ; scales of tho invo- 



