ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 429 



9 E. glabellum Nutt. Lvs. smooth, entire, spatulate, long-tapering at base, upper 

 lanceolate and lauce-linear, sessile, acuminate ; lids. 4 to 6, corymbed ; iiivol. 

 hemispherical, pubescent as well as the peduncles; rays very numerous, pale 

 blue, Wis. to Nebr. 12 to 18' high. Lvs. long and narrow. Kays 100 or 

 more. Jl., Aug. 



21. CALLIS'TEPHUS, Cass. CHINA ASTER. (Gr. KdMo?, beauty, 

 cFTt'^o^, a crown ; characteristic of the pappus.) Ray-flowers $ , numer- 

 ous ; disk-flowers ; involucre hemispherical ; receptacle subconvex ; 

 pappus double, each in 1 series, outer series short, chaffy -setaceous, with 

 the seta3 united into a crown ; inner series of long, filiform, scabrous, 

 deciduous bristles. (D Exotics. Lvs. alternate. 



C. Chinensis Ness. St. hispid ; branches divergent, 1-flowered ; Ivs. ovate, 

 coarsely dentate, petiolate, cauline ones sessile, cuneate at base. Said to be orig- 

 inally from China. Stem about 18' high, with long branches, each terminated by 

 a single, large head. Rays dark purple. Disk yellow. July Sept. Cultiva- 

 tion lias produced many beautiful and even splendid varieties, double and semi- 

 double, with white, blue, red, flaked and mottled rays, f (Aster Chinensis L.) 



22. BEL'LIS, L. GARDEN DAISY. (Lat. bellus, pretty ; a term 

 quite appropriate to the genus.) Heads .many-flowered ; rays $ ; disk 



; involucre hemispherical, of equal scales ; receptacle subalveolate, 



conical ; pappus none. Low herbs, either and caulescent or 11 and 



acaulescent. Hds. solitary. 



1 B. integrifolia MX. Annual, diffusely branched; Ivs. entire, spatulate-ofcovale, 

 upper oblong-lanceolate, sessile; scales lance-ovate, setaceous- acuminate, with 

 scarious margins. "Wet prairies, Ky. to Tex. Sts. 6 to 12'. Rays violet-pur- 

 ple, in hds. similar to the next. Mar. May. 



2 B. perennis L. Perennial ; root creeping ; scape naked, single-flowered ; 

 Ivs. obovale, crenate. If Native of England and other parts of Europe, nearly 

 naturalized in some parts of N. England in cultivated grounds. Scape 3 or 4' 

 high, with a single white haai which is single, double- or quilled in the differ- 

 ent varieties. Blossoms in the spring and summer months. 



23. DArTLIA, L, (In honor of Andrew Dalil, a Swedish botanist, 

 pupil of Linnaeus.) Heads many-flowered, rays $ , disk ; involucre 

 double, the outer series of many distinct scales, the inner of 8 scales 

 united at base ; receptacle chaffy ; pappus none. 2 Splendid Mexican 

 herbs. Lvs. pinnate, opposite. 



1 D. variabilis Desf. St. green ; racliis of the Ivs. winged; Z/fe. ovate, acumi- 

 nate, serrate, puberulent or nearly smooth ; outer invol. reflexed ; ray fls. , sterile 

 or fertile. These superb and fashionable plants are natives cf sandy meadows 

 in Mexico. They have coarse and roughish Ivs. resembling those of the com- 

 mon elder, but the flowers are large and beautiful, sporting into innumerable 

 varieties, single and double, of every conceivable shade of scarlet, crimson, purple, 

 red, rarely yellow, blooming from July until arrested by frost. 



2 D. coccfnea Cav. St. frosty, or hoary, hollow ; Ivs. with the rachis naked; 

 Ifts. roughish beneath ; outer invol. spreading; rays neuter. Stems about 41 high. 

 Foliage rather glaucous. Rays scarlet, saffron-color or yellow, never purple or 

 white. The Dahlias are generally cultivated by the divisions of the tuberous r 

 which, as soon as the frost blackens the tops, are to be taken up and preserved 

 through the winter in a dry place, free from frost. 



24. BOLTOWA, L'Her. (To J. B. Bolton, author of "Ferns of 

 Great Britain," &c., 1788.) Hds, many-flowered; ray-flowers $, ma 

 single series, those of the disk tubular, $ ; scales in 2 series, appressed, 

 with membranous margins ; receptacle conic, punctate ; achenia flat, 2 

 or 3-winged ; pappus of minute scta3, 2 (to 4) of them usually length- 



