ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 471 



2 H. scabrum MX. St. leafy, scabrous and hispid; Ivs. elliptic-obovate, scabrous 

 and hirsute, entire or the lower slightly dentate; ped. thick, and with the invol. 

 densely glandular-hispid; hds. 40 5p-flowered. Dry hills, borders of woods, 

 Can. to Car. and Ky. Stern 1 3f high, round, striate, rather stout. Lower 

 leaves petiolate, upper sessile, subacute, often purplish as well as the stem. 

 Heads large, with yellow flowers. Achenia obtuse at apex, bright red. Aug. 



3 H. longipihim Torr. Plant densely pilous with long, straight, ascending, bristly 

 hairs ; st. strict, simple, smoothish and nearly leafless above ; Ivs. crowded on 

 the lower part of the stem, oblong-lanceolate, attenuated at the base, entire ; hds. 

 glandular-tomentous or hispid, 20 30-flowered, in a small, terminal panicle. 

 Barrens and prairies, "W. States. Plant 1 2f high, remarkable for the long (6") 

 brownish hairs with which the lower part is thickly clothed. July Sept. 



4. H. Gronovii L. St. leafy, hirsute, paniculate; invol. and pedicels glandular- 

 pilous ; radical Ivs. obovate or oblanceolate, entire, or denticulate, strigous, the 

 midvein beneath very villous; upper ones oblong, closely sessile, ach. 20 to 80, 

 contracted above. Dry hills, Can. and U. S. Stem 1 to 3f, furnished with a few 

 leaves below, naked above and bearing a narrow, elongated panicle. Lower leaves 

 tapering into a long stalk. Flowers yellow, on glandular, slender pedicels. Ache- 

 nia tapering upwards from tho middle, but not rostrate. Aug., Sept. 



5 H. veiiosum L. Scape or st. naked or with a single leaf, smooth, paniculate j 

 Ivs. obovate, somewhat acute, entire, a little hairy above, nearly glabrous beneath, 

 ciliate on the margin, veins colored ; invol. glabrous, about 20-flowered ; ach. 

 linear. In woods, &c., K Eng. to "W. States. Stem 1 2f high, dark brown, 

 slender. Panicle diffuse, several times dichotomous, corymbous. Heads rather 

 large, on slender pedicels, with bright yellow flowers. Jl., Aug. 



6 H. paniculatum L. St. slender, leafy, diffusely paniculate, whitish pubescent 

 below; Ivs. lanceolate, glabrous, membranaceous, acute, with remote spreading 

 teeth, or entire; paniclo diffuso; ped. very slender; hds. 10 20-flowered. A 

 smooth, slender plant, in damp woods, Can. to Ga. Stem 1 3f high, several 

 times dichotomous. Leaves thin, 2 4' long. Heads small, numerous, with yel- 

 low flowers. Pedicels long and filiform, forming a very diffuse panicle. Aug. 

 It is not easy to determine the exact limits of the last three species. A thorough 

 revision of tho genus will probably reduce them to one, viz., H. Gronovii. 



106. CATANAN'CHE, L. (Gr. Kara, dvdytcrj, from necessity ; it 

 must necessarily bo admired ?) Involucre imbricated, scarious ; recep- 

 tacle paleaceous ; pappus paleaceous, 5-leavcd ; pales awned. (0 Orien- 

 tal herbs, with alternate, lanceolate Ivs. 



C. ccerulea L. Lvs. linear lanceolate, villous, somewhat bipincratifid at base; 

 lower scales of the involucre ovate, mucronate. From S. Europe. A handsomo 

 annual, 2 to 3f high. Hds. solitary, on long peduncles, with blue spreading, 

 ligulate corollas toothed at apex. Jl. Sept. f 



107. NAB'ALUS, Cass. DROP FLOWER. (A barbarous name.) In- 

 volucre cylindric, of many linear scales in one row, calyculate with a 

 few short, appressed scales at base ; receptacle naked ; pappus copious, 

 capillary, brownish, 2-rowed, persistent ; achenia not beaked, smooth, 

 striate. Erect herbs with a thick, tuberous, bitter root. Hds. 5 to 18, 

 flowered, not yellow, although often straw-colored. (Prenanthes L.) 



Heads pendulous, glabrous. Leaves variously lobed or shaped, (a) 



a Dwarf species (6 to W high) nati ve of high mountains Nos. 1, 2 



a Tall (2 to 5f high). Hds.T> to 6-tiowered No. 3 



Hds. 8 to 12-liowered. Pappus tawny No. 4 



Pappus straw colored Nos. 5, 6 



Heads nodding or erect, hairy. Leaves mostly undivided, (b) 



b Heads about 12-flowered. Pappus straw-color Nos. 7, 8 



b Heads about 25-flowered. Pappus tawny or dusky No. 9 



1 N. Boottii DC. St. simple, dwarf; lower Ivs. subcordate or hastate- cor date, ob- 

 tuse, the middle oblong, the upper lanceolate, mostly entire ; hds. nodding, racemed ; 

 invol 10 to 18-flowered, of 10 to 15 obtuse, proper scales calyculate at the base with 

 las linear scales half their length; pappus straw-color. White Mts., N. H., and 



