516 ORDER 86. SCROPHULARIACE^E. 



common name of the Jessamine.) Calyx 5-parted, lobes oblong ; cor- 

 olla funnel-form, with 5, short, rounded lobes, quincunncial in bud ; 

 lilameiits 5, on the corolla ; ovary smooth, short-stiped ; style filiform ; 

 btigmas 2, each 2-parted, and with the anthers dimorphous, i. e., in 

 somo plants the stamens exceed the stigmas, in others the stigmas ex- 

 ceed the stamens, as in Houstonia; capsule twin, compressed, with a very 

 narrow dissepiment (or ?), valves each 2-cleft at top, cells few (4 to 6)- 

 seeded, seeds winged. Shrub slender, smooth, climbing, with evergreen 

 Ivs. and large, showy yellow fls. Stip. reduced to a raised rim. 

 G. sempervirens Ait Woods and banks of streams, Ya. to Ala. and Fla., very 

 abundant. A slender vine, twining and overrunning bushes and low trees, and 

 profusely flowering. Lvs. coriaceous, shining, revolute at edge, lanceolate, acute 

 at each end, short-petioled. Cor. tube 1' long, of a rich golden yellow. In one 

 variety the stamens equal the corolla and the style but half as long ; in the other 

 vice versa (a fact first pointed out to the author by Professor Pond, March, 1857). 

 Fls. in Mar. May. 



ORDER LXXXVI. SCROPHULARIACEJE. FIGWORTS. 



Herbs chiefly, without fragrance, the leaves and inflorescence various. Flowers 

 irregular, 5-merous, didynamous or diandrous (rarely pentandrous). Calyx free from 

 the ovary, persistent. Corotta monopetalous, imbricated in bud. Stamens inserted 

 in the tube of the corolla, 1 or 3 of them usually rudimentary. Ovary free, 2-celled, 

 with 1 style, a 2-lobed stigma, and becoming in fruit a 2-celled, many-seeded cap- 

 sule, with axilo placentae. Seeds albuminous. (Fig. 20-i, 326, 362, 399, 427, 463.) 



Genera ISO, species 1800, abundant in every part of the world, from the equator to the 

 regions of perpetual frost. They constitute about 1-36 of the Phaenogamia of N. America. 



Proper-tie*. Generally acrid, bitter and deleterious plants. The most remarkable officinal 

 species of the tribe is the Foxglove (Digitalis), which exercises a wonderful control over the 

 action of the heart, in regulating its pulsations. It is also employed in cases of dropsy, hemor- 

 rhage, &c. Taken in excess it speedily causes death. The Veronica Virginica (Culver's Physic) 

 and Linaria vnlgaris (Toad-flax) are purgative and emetic. Numerous species are cultivated for 

 ornament. Many are parasitic and turn black in drying. 



SUBORDERS, TRIBES AND GENERA. 

 f Leaves alternate (in one garden plant mostly opposite, No. C.) (*) 



* Inflorescence compound, centrifugal, (Showy garden exotics.) (Tribo 1.) 



* Inflor. simple, centripetal. Stamens 5. Corolla rotate. (Tribe 3.) 



Stam. 4. Corolla spurred or saccate at base. (Tribe 4, a) 

 Stam. 4. Climbing vines, in gardens. (Tribe 4, b) 

 Stam. 4 or 2. Herbs small, creeping, leaves linear. (Tribe 7) 

 Stam. 4 or 2. Herbs erect. Cor. not galeate, (Tribe S) 

 Stam. 4. Cor. upper lip galeate, vaulted. (Tribe 12, n) 

 T Leaves opposite (or in one southern species, scattered No. 29). (2) 



2 Stamens 2, included. Corolla 2-lobed, the lower inflated. (Tribe 2) 



2 Stamens 2, included. Corolla tubular, labiate. (Tribe 6, f) 



2 Stamens 2, exserted. Corolla rotate or salver-form. (Tribe 9) 



2 Stamens 4, perfect, the fifth rudiment about as large, conspicuous. (Tribe 5, c) 



2 Stamens 4, perfect, the fifth rudiment minute or none. (3) 



3 Inflorescence compound, in panicles or verticillasters. (Tribe 5, d) 

 3 Inflorescence simple. Corolla labiate, not galeate. (Tribe 6, e) 

 Corolla labiate, and galeate. (Tribe 12, o) 

 Corolla salver-form. Anthers 1-celled. (Tribe 10) 

 Corolla bell or funnel-form, kc. Anthers 2-celled. (Tribe 11) 



I. BALPIGLOSSIDE^E. (Corolla in bud plicate at the clefts. Inflorescence centrifugal.) 



TRIBE 1. SALPIG LOSSES. Stamens 2. Corolla deeply cleft - .SCHIZANTHUS. 1 



Stamens 4. Corolla salver-form, tube long BROWALLIA. 3 



II. ANTIRRHINIDE^E. (Corolla in bud imbricate, upper lip covering the lower). 



TRIBE 2. CALCEOLARIEJB. Inflorescence compound. Calyx 4-cleft CALCEOLARIA. S 



TRIBE 3. YERBASCEJS. Inflorescence simple, centripetal. Cor. rotate VERUABCUM. 4 



