704 ORDER 147. TRILLIACE^E. 



Perianth of 4 oval segments, imbricated in. 2 rows (2 interior) ; stam. 

 4, opposite the segments, slightly perigynous, anth. introrse, innate, 

 cells distinct ; ovary 1-celled, with 4 6 suspended ovules ; stigma ses- 

 sile ; fruit ovate, " seeds 1 3, copiously fringed along the raphe and 

 fimiculus as if arillate, and ribbed lengthwise ; embryo monocotyledo- 

 nous." 2f Rhizome slender, creeping, sending up annual stems with 

 about 6 petiolate, lance-ovate, cordate leaves, and a few small whitish, 

 axillary flowers. 



C. pauciflora Torr. S. Ga. (Feay, Pond) and Fla. (near Quincey 1) Stems glab- 

 rous, If high, bearing at top 6 leaves pedately arranged. Lvs. 3 4' long, short 

 acuminate, thin, 7 9-veiued, pet. 1' long. Peduncles capillary, 1' long. Ms. 

 few, near 2" wide when open. Apr. The true character of this plant as mono- 

 cotyledonous was first demonstrated by Dr. Gray. 



ORDER CXLVII. TRILLIACE^E. TRILLIADS. 



Herbs with simple stems, tuberous roots and verticillate, net-veined leaves. 

 Flowers terminal, 1 or few, perfect, mostly 3-parted. Calyx herbaceous, corolla 

 more or less colored. Stamens G to 10. Ovary free, 3 to 5 -celled, bearing in fruit 

 a juicy, co-seeded pod. Figs. 356, 53, 88. 



General, specie* SQ, in woodlands, temperate parts of Europe, Asia and N. America. The 

 roots of some species are emetic. 



GENERA. 

 



Leaves in one whorl. Sepals green, petals colored TniLLitrM. 1 



Leaves in two whorls. Sepals and petals alike greenish MEDEOLA. 2 



1. TRIL/LIUM, Miller. WAKE-ROBIN. (Lat. trilix, triple ; every part 

 being in 3s.) Perianth deeply 6-parted, in 2 distinct series, outer of 3 

 sepals, inner of 3 colored petals; stamens 6, nearly equal, anthers longer 

 than the filaments ; stigmas sessile, distinct or approximate ; berry 3- 

 celled, cells many-seeded. 2 St. simple. Lvs. 3, whorled at the 

 top of the stem, reticulate-palmate veined. Fls. solitary, terminal. Fr. 

 purple 



Flowers sessile, petals dark purple, erect Nos. 1, 2 



Flowers on a peduncle raised above the leaves. (*) 



* Leaves petiolate, ovate, rounded at the base. Petals thin, delicate Nos. 3, 4 



* Leaves sessile, rhomboidal, nearly as broad as long. Petals thickish Nos. 5, G 



Flowers on a peduncle deflexed beneath the leaves. Style scarcely any Nos 7, 8 



Style 1, as long as stigmas No. 9 



1 T. sessile L. Lvs. rhombic-ovate, or suborbicular, acute, sessile, spotted ; fl. 

 closely sessile, erect ; sep. erect, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acute ; pet. linear- 

 lanceolate, purple, a third longer than the sepals; anth. long, erect. A small 

 species, in fertile soils, Middle, Western and Southern States. Rhizoma horiz'on- 

 tal, thick. Stem 6 12' high, slender. Leaves rather thick, \\ 3' by 1 2', 

 smooth and entire, blotched with dark purple. Sep. 8 to 12" long, the petals nar- 

 rower and mnch longer, dark purple. Apr. May. (T. discolor Wray.) 



2 T. recurvatum Beck. Lvs. ovate or obovate, attenuated to a petiok, acute ; fl. 

 closely sessile ; pet. lanceolate-ovate, very acute, attenuate at base, erect, as long 

 as the recurved sepals. A small Trillium quite distinct, although allied to the last, 

 in shady woods, Wis. to La. Stem 8 10' high, rather thick. Leaves 2 2}' by 

 1% 2', with distinct, short petioles, not usually spotted. Petals purple, and with 

 the green, reflexed sepals about 1' long. May. 



3 T. nivale Eiddell. SNOWY TRILLIUM. St. low; Ivs. ovate or oval, rather ob- 

 tuse, distinctly and abruptly petiolate ; fl. short, pedunculate, erect ; pet. spatulate- 

 obovate, obtuse, white, one third longer than the calyx. The smallest species here 

 described, in stony or dry fields, Ohio to Wis. Stem 2 4' high, from a thick. 



