ORDER 155. CYPERACE^G. 739 



5 S. lactistris L. LAKE BULLRUSII. Culm smooth, leafless, filled with a porous 

 pith, 5 to 8f high, cylindric, tapering above the panicle, and abruptly ending in a 

 short cusp; panicle cy mo us near ths top; ped. rough, twice compound ; spikelets 

 ovoid, closely imbricate ; scales ovate, mucronate, pubescent ; bracts shorter than 

 the panicle. The largest species of bullrush, frequenting the muddy margins of 

 rivers and ponds, U. S. to Aro. Am. July. (S. acutus MuhL) 



6 S. ptingens Vahl. Culm nearly naked, 3-angled, corners acute and two of 

 the sides concave, about 3f high and ending in a sharp point; Ivs. few and short, 

 from the top of the sheath ; spikes lateral, 1 5, ovate, crowded and sessile, a* 

 various distances below the point ; glumes round-ovate, mucronato ; bristles G ; 

 style 2-clefl. Ponds and marshes, fresh and salt, throughout K America, (S. 

 triqueter MX.) 



7 S. Olneyi Gray. Calm triquetrous-winged, leafless, 2 7f high ; sheath radical, 

 tipped with a short (1 2') leaf; spikes 6 12, sessile, aggregated, 2 3" long, 

 placed 9 12'' below the triangular apex of the stem ; glumes roundish-ovate, 

 mucronato ; bristles 6 1 2 ; ach. obovate, plano-convex, gibbous at apex. Salt 

 marshes, Sekonk river, R. I. (Olney), Tom river, N. Y., Kneiskern. Remarkably 

 distinguished by its 3-winged stem. July. 



8 S. Torreyi Olney. Culm 2? high, 3-angled, with concave sides, rather slender, 

 leafy at the base; Ivs. 2 or 3, If or more long, slender; spikes 2 i (rarely 1), ses- 

 sile, distinct, acute, ovate-oblong; scales ovate, mucronate, smooth; sty. 3-cleft; 

 ach. obovate, acuminate, unequally 3-sided, shorter than the "bristles. Borders of 

 ponds, N. Eng. to Mich. The stem here as in the last, is prolonged above tho 

 spikes, in the form of an involucral leaf. Jh, Aug. (3, mucronatus Ph. ? Torr.) 



9 S. maritiimis L. SEA BULLRUSII. Culm acutely 3-angled, leafy, 2 3f high ; 

 Ivs. broad-linear, rough-edged, carinate, taller than the stem; spikes conglome- 

 rate, 6 10, nearly an inch long, corymbous; invol. of about 3 very long leaves; 

 glumes ovate, 3-cleft, the middle segment subulate and reflexed ; style 3-cleft ; 

 bristles 3 4, much shorter than the broad-obovate, lenticular, dark brown, polished 

 achenium. Salt marshes, N. Eng. to Plor. Aug. 



10 S. fluviatilis Gray. Culm triangular-winged, leafy, stout, 3 or 4f high ; Ivs. 

 broadly linear, very long; invol. Ivs. 5 to 7, far exceeding the umbel; umbel 

 somewhat compound, spikes separate or conglomerate, large (9 to 12" long), ful- 

 vous ; glumes 3-cleft, bristles 6, whitish, longer than the sharply 3-angled, oblong, 

 black achenium, which is tipped with a whitish beak. Borders of lakes and rivers, 

 W. N. Y. and W. States. Jl., Aug. (S. maritimus, /3. fluv. Torr.) 



11 S. atrovirens Muhl. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 2f high ; cyme com- 

 pound, proliferous ; invol. of 3 leaf-like bracts longer than the cyme ; spikes ovate, 

 acute, crowded, 10 to 20 in a globoushead; hds. numerous, 4" diam., dark oh' vo 

 green ; glumes ovate, mucronate ; bristles 4, straight, hispid downward, as long as 

 the smooth, white achenium. Common in meadows, Mid. and "W. States. Jn., Jl. 

 Yery different from S. sylvaticus L. of Europe. 



12 S. polyphyllus Vahl. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 2 3f high ; cyme 

 decompound, its principal branches about 5, unequal, with truncate sheaths at 

 base ; spikelets clustered in heads of 3 G ; glumes obtuse, reddish-brown ; ach. 

 smooth, yellowish-white, twice shorter than the 4 or 5 smooth tonuous bristles. 

 Much resembles tho last species. Margins of waters, N. Eng., 111. and S. States. 

 (S. brunneus Muhl.) 



13. S. divaricatus Ell. Culm obtusely triangular, very leafy, 3 to 4f high : 

 Ivs. flat, broadly linear or lance-linear, 3 to G" wide, shorter than the culm; umbel 

 loose, large, decompound, rays filiform, divaricate, recurved ; spikes all separate, 

 pendulous, oblong-ovoid, 2 to 3" long, rust colored, pendulous; glumes many, 

 acute ; bristles tortuous, rather longer than the achenium which is tawny, elliptic- 

 3-angled, acute at each end. Wet barrens, S. Car. to La. (Hale). 



14 S. Eriophorum MX. Culm obtusely triangular, leafy, 3 to 5f high, Ivs. 2f 

 long, rough-edged ; invol. 4 or 5-leaved, longer than the umbel; umbel terminal, 

 decompound, large and loose ; spikes mostly pedicillate, 2 to 3'' long, ovoid, in 

 smaller clusters ; bristles G, capillary, curled, very conspicuous, being 5 or 6 times 

 as long as tho white achenium. A common, stiff, rank, meadow sedge, which 



