^ 5 Q ORDER 155. CYPERACEJ3. 



suboval or oblong, tapering at base, veined, convex-tereto, attenuate above into a 

 terete, shortish, straight or subrecurved, Udentate beak, nearly horizontal in maturity, 

 longer than the ovate and acute glumo ; culm slender, 4 to 0' high, with long slen- 

 der" leaves sheathing at base. Wayne Co., N. Y. (Sartwell), N. to Greenland. 

 (C. Davalliana, 2d edit.) 



3 C. xilis Dew. (Boott, Illust, No. 45.) ? Spiko terminal, ovate or oblong 

 close-flowered, staminate below, sometimes a, single $ spike or a single $ Lspike ; 

 perig. ovate-lanceolate, convex above and slightly below, serrulate on the margin, 

 minutely veined above, 2-toothed, diverging, some longer than the ovate-lanceolato 

 glume; culm 12 to 20' high, stiffly erect, and Ivs. setaceous. Swamps, E. Mass. 

 (Oakes), Sandford Lake, N. Y. (Sartwell)'. 



P. ANDROGYNA. One or more short $ spikes below the terminal. Manches- 

 ter, N. Y. (Kneiskern). 



4 C. sterilis Willd. (Boott, Illus., No. 135.) Spike compound, $ below, often, 

 dioecious ; spikelets 4 6, ovate, subapproximate ; perig. ovate, acuminate or sub- 

 rostrate, bifid, compressed, triquetrous, scabrous on tho margin, equaling the ovate, 

 acutish glume ; st. 2f high, erect and stiff. "Wet places, common. (C. stellulata 

 j3. STERILIS Torr., Carey.) 



5 C. bromoides Schk. Spikelets numerous, alternate, $ below, sometimes all 

 ? ; perig. lanceolate, erect, acuminate, scabrous, nerved, bifid, twice longer than 



the ovate-lanceolate glume. Common in small bogs, in wet places. 



6 C siccata Dew. (Boott, Illust., No. 50.) Spikelets numerous, $ above, often 

 wholly $ , ovate, close or approximate ; perig. ovate, lanceolate, acuminate, com- 

 pressed, nerved, bifid, scabrous on the margin, equaling the ovate, lanceolate glume. 

 Sandy plains, Westfield, Mass. (Davis) ; Ipswich, Mass. (Oakes) ; widely spread 

 over the country, but not abundant, "W. to 111. 



7 C. Sartwellii Dew. Spikelets 12 20, ovate, ses-sile, compact, bracteato, lower 

 ones especially fructiferous ; upper often $ at apex, sometimes wholly $ ; perig. 

 ovate, lanceolate, convexo-concave, subulate, slightly 2-toothed, margined and 

 scabrous on the edge, a little longer than the ovate and acute glume ; Ivs. flat, 

 linear, shorter than the stem. Junius, Seneca Co., N. Y. (Sartwell). 



8. C. distycha Huds. Spikelets many, 2-rowed or compressed into a fattened, 

 compound, loose spike ; spikelets oblong-ovate, close, alternate, often branched be- 

 low and the lowest sometimes remote, upper and lower often ? , and the inter- 

 mediate wholly $ , or from the middle wholly $ upwards ; perig. ovate, narrow- 

 rostrate, margin serrulate, narrow, equaling the ovate, acute glume ; culm erect, 

 leafy below. Wis. (Lapham), 111. (Vasey), Mich. (Cooley), N. to Arc. Am. (C. 

 intermedia Good.) 



9. C. decomposita Muhl. (Boott, Illust., 53.) Spike decompound or paniculate ; 

 spikelets very many, ovate, alternate; perig. ovate, convex on both sides, triangu- 

 lar, acutish or short rostrate, short, brownish, glabrous, larger than the ovate, acu- 

 minate, whitish glume ; st. 18 30' high. Found in swamps, Michigan, and in. 

 Yates Co., N. York (Sartwell). 



10 C. prairea Dew. Spike below branched ; spikelets ovate, sessile, 5 to 7 on a 

 branch ; perig. ovate-lanceolate, convex both sides, scabrous on the margin, slightly 

 bifid, smaller than the ovate-Ian ceolale glume ; st. 2 3f high, leafy towards tho 

 base. Abundant in the prairies of Michigan, and sparingly found in N. England, 

 and N. Y. Resembles C. paniculata L., which has a much broader ovate glume 

 shorter than the perigynium and is far more paniculate, and for which this has 

 been taken. From No. 24 it is far separated by its panicle, and the color and 

 shape of its fruit. 



11 C. cephalophora Willd. Spikelets ovate, densely aggregated into an ovate 

 head (!' long), bracteate, about 5 ; perig. ovate, acuminate, compressed, bifid, 

 scabrous on the margin, with a short, ovate, and scabro-cuspidate glume, which 

 equals it; st. 8 16' high. Borders of fields and woods, common, but not 

 abundant. 



12 C. Muhlenbergii Schk. Spikelets alternate, obtuse, approximate into an 

 ovate-oblong head, -J' long, with a long bract at tho lower one ; perig. ovate, con- 

 vex above, very smooth, nerved, bifid, scabrous on the margin, some diverging, 

 a little shorter than the ovate and mucronats glume; st. 12 18' high. In 



