Y78 , ORDER 156. GRAMINEJE. 



nate ; palcac 2, mostly shorter than the glumes, surrounded with white, 

 bristly hairs at base, lower one mncronate, mostly avvned below the tip, 

 the upper one often with a stipitate pappus (abortive rudiment of a 

 second flower) at base. 2 Rhizomes creeping. Culms simple, tall, 

 with a contracted or open panicle. 



C Panicle expanding. Glumes some shorter than the palca*. Rudiment none ......... Nos. 1, 2 



| Panicle contracted. Gl. some longer than pnlese. Itudiment plumous. (*) 



* Glumes 2 3" long. Palea short-nwned above the middle .................... No. 3 



below the middle ................. Nos. 4, ff 



* Glumes 5 V long. Palea scarcely awned near the tip ....................... No. T 



1 C. brevfpilis Torr. Culm terete, slender, 3 If high; Ivs. broad-linear, tho 

 sheaths glabrous ; ligule hairy ; panicle pyramidal, loose, with the diffuse, capil- 

 lary branches solitary or in pairs ; glumes unequal, bearded at base, ovate, acute, 

 1-veined, shorter than the equal, obtuse, awnless pales; pa2}j)us or hairs very short, 

 not half the length of the palece. U In sandy swamps, N. J. (Torrey). (A. Epi- 

 geios Muhl.) 



2 C. longifolia Hook. Culm 2 if high, stout; Ivs. rigid, involute-filiform, 

 tapering to a long point ; panicle pyramidal ; glumes unequal, lanceolate, the upper 

 as long as the equal pales,' pappus-like hairs copious, inore than half the length of 

 the paks. Sandy shores of the great Lakes, N. Mich, and C. "W. 



3 C. coarctata Torr. Glaucous ; culm erect, 2- 4f high ; Ivs. linear-lanceolate, 

 scabrous, with the reins and keel white ; sheaths striate ; stip. oblong, obtuse ; 

 panicle condensed and spike-form, tho branches rigidly erect, short and aggre- 

 gated; glumes acuminate, lanceolate, lower 1-veined, upper 3-veined, lower palo 

 6-veinecl, bifid at the apex, with a short, straight awn just above the middle of the 

 back. U Bogs, Mass, to Minn, and S. States? July, August. (Agrostia 

 glauca Muhl. Arundo stricta Spr.) 



4 C. purpurascens Brown. Panicle spicate, purplish, 3 6' long, half tho 

 length of the culm; glumes scabrous ; palea3 2, the lower scabrous, toothed at 

 the apex, awned upon the back below the middle ; abortive rudiment plumous, 

 twice longer than the hairs at its base, and twice shorter than the pales. White 

 Mts., N. H. (Tuckerman), Rocky Mts. (Richardson). Rare and unimportant. (0. 

 Pickeringii Gr. C. sylvatica Trin.) 



5 C. conflnis jSTutt. Culm 2 5f high, erect simple; Ivs. 2 3" wide, smooth; 

 panicle 4 8' long, slender, contracted, branches short, appressed, 4 or 5 together; 

 glumes oblong-lanceolate, 2$" long, rough on the keel and sides, barely acute ; 

 palece, nearly equal, acute, oblong, as long as the glumes, lower one rough, 3-veined f 

 notched at tip, with a short awn inserted below the middle, nearly as long as tho 

 flower ; hairs f the length of the pales. Penn. and Penn Yan, N. Y. (Sartwell), 

 Aug. (C. inexpansa Gr.) 



6 C. Canadensis Beauv. REED GRASS. BLUE JOINT. Culm smooth, erect, rigid, 

 3 5f high ; Ivs. linear-lanceolate, striate, with smooth, veined sheaths ; panielo 

 erect, rather loose, oblong, the branches capillary, aggregated in 4s and 5s ; glumes 

 very acute, smoothish, much longer than the palece ; lower palece bifid at the apex, 

 with a hair-like awn arising from below the middle of the back; hairs as long as 

 the paks. If. "Wet grounds, N. Eng. TV. to Mich, and Can. Makes good hay, 

 common. Aug. (C. Mexicana Nutt. C. agrostoides Ph. Arundo MX.) 



7 C. arenaria Roth. MAT GRASS. SAND REED. Rt. creeping extensively; 

 culm erect, rigid, 2 4f high; Ivs. involute, If by ^', smooth and glaucous, pun- 

 gently acute; sheaths smooth; stip. oblong; panicle dense, with erect, appressed 

 branches, 610' long, and an inch thick; spikelets compressed, greenish-white; 

 lower paleos longer than the upper. If On sandy lake shores and sea coasts, 

 Can. to N. J. Of great value in confining loose, sandy beaches. Aug. (Ammo- 

 phila, Host. Psamma, Palis. Arundo, L.) 



10. ALOPECITRUS, L. FOX-TAIL GRASS. (Gr. OAWTTT;^, fox, 

 tail.) Spikelets 1 -flowered ; glumes subequal, connate, distinct, flat- 

 carinatc ; lower pale flat-carinate, generally equaling the glumes, awned 

 on the back below the middle ; upper pale wanting ; styles often con- 



