ORDER 156. -GRAMINE^E. 787 



1J" long 1 , green; lower glume orate, not half as long as the tipper; abortivo 

 pales subequal, usually with 3 stamens. In moist, shady places, U. S. and Can. 

 Jn., Jl. (P. scoparium and nervosum Lam. P. ciliatum Ell., etc.) 



20 P. xanthoph^sum Gray. Culm generally simple, glabrous, 9 to 15' high ; 

 Ivs. lanceolate, 3 to 6' by 5 to 7", not dilated at the ciliate, clasping base, smooth, 

 9 to 11-veined; pan. long-exserted, simple, raceme-like, fe w- flowered ; spkl. round- 

 ish-obovate !$" long ; lower glume ovate, 3-veined, acutish, \ as long as the up- 

 per many- veined one ; abortive pales oftener with 3 stamens. Dry soils, N. Eng, 

 to Wis. (Lapham). Rare. Jn. 



21 P. viscidum Ell. Hoary, with a dense, short, soft, viscid pubescence ; culm 

 decumbent, assurgent 2 to 4f, stout ; joints a smooth brown ring ; Ivs. lance- 

 linear, 3 to G' by 6 to 16" ; sheaths much shorter than the interuodes; pan. rather 

 large (4 to G' long); loose; spkl. light green, 1" long, oval, acutish, lower glumo 

 very small, upper pale very small, truncate. If Damp places, N. J. to Ga. (Feay). 



22 P. clandestinum L. Culm with short, axillary, appressed branches, 2 to 3f 

 high, rigid, leafy ; Ivs. 3 to 6' by 1', lanceolate, subcordate at base ; sheaths his- 

 pid with papilla) in the grooves bearing bristly hairs, and enclosing the short 

 lateral panicles ; spkl. elliptical, acutish, 1-J-" long, striate, often purple ; upper 

 pale of the neutral fl. obtuse. 2 Moist woods, Mass, and Mid. States. Jl., Aug. 



23 P. microcarpon Muhl., Darl. Culm 18 to 30' high, erect, simple, glabrous; 

 joints glabrous ; Ivs. lanceolate, veined, ciliate at base, undulate and scabrous on 

 the margin, scabrous above, smooth beneath, C to 10" wide; sheaths deeply 

 Btriate, smooth ; slip. ; pan. much branched, nearly smooth ; spkl. small, (-J-" 

 long), roundi&h-obovate, purple, numerous, scarcely pubescent ; upper sterile palo 

 minute; fr. shining, bluish white. 2{. 



24 P. Walter! Ell. Culm slender, glabrous, erect, 2f ; Ivs. linear 3 to G' by 2 to 

 3", glabrous as well as the open sheaths ; spikes thick, dense, 1-sided, alternate 

 (the 2 lower sometimes opposite), G to 12" long; spkl. imbricated in 3 rows, 

 broad-ovate ; glumes minutely hispid, the lower half as large, upper 3-veined ; 

 abortive pales unequal, staminate ; fertile Jl. roundish. Damp grounds, Can. to 

 Pla. and La. Jn. Aug. (Nearly allied to Oplismenus.) 



25 P. Aurelianum Halo (MS.). Culm decumbent, geniculate, slender, branched, 

 glabrous ; Ivs. lanceolate, glabrous, 1 to 2' by 3 to 4", sheaths ciliate ; spikes 

 slender, G to 12" long, alternate, 1-sided; spkl. ovate, acute; lower glume as 

 long as the upper, smooth and 5-veined one ; abortive pales equal, staminate ; 

 fertile fl. ovate. Damp soils, about N. Orleans (Hale). 



26 P. miliaceum L. MILLET. Lvs. lance-linear and sheaths hairy ; culm 

 2 to 3f high ; pan. large, open, nodding ; snkl. solitary, ovate ; gls. acuminate- 

 mucronate, subequal ; pales obtuse. Cultivated, f Turkey. 



27 P. Jumentomm Pers. Another cultivated species, from N". Africa. 

 Much valued South. It is tall, stout, smooth. The spikelets are singularly 

 arranged in 2s or 3s, one or two sterile to each fertile. Seeds black. 



19. OPLIS'MENUS Beauv. COCK-SPUR GRASS. (Gr. onkiapa, ar- 

 mament, pevog, courage ; alluding to the stout awns.) Spikelets, &c. 

 f.s in Panicum, except that the lower abortive pale (and often the 

 glumes) is prolonged more or less into an awn. Coarse grasses with 

 the fls, in dense paniculate racemes. 



1 O. Cnis-gaili Kunth. BARN- YARD GRASS. Terete, smooth, 3 if high ; Ivs. 

 linear-lanceolate, flat, serrulate, with smooth, striate sheaths and no stipule ; pan, 

 simple or apparently so, branches spike-form, compound, alternate and in pairs; 

 rachis hairy and rough ; glumes scarcely awned, hispid-bristly ; lower abortive 



1 palea ending in a rough awn, 6" to 18'' long; fertile fl. ovate. (p A coarse, weedy 

 grass, introduced into cultivated grounds, barn-yards, &c., common. Aug., Sept. 

 Variable. (Panicum, L.) 



ft. MUTICUS. Awns very short, or the pale merely subulate-pointed. Common, 

 y. HISPIDUS. Sheaths very bristly ; awns very long. 



2 O. hirte'lhis R. & S. Culm glabrous, decumbent, branched; Ira lanceolate, 

 flat, 1 to 2' by 2 to 4", with scattered, appressed hairs on the upper surface; 



