16 EXTINCT AND VANISHING MAMMALS 



probably developed in South America. Most of the species of 

 this large family have lancetlike nose-leaves; those that do not 

 show this character have cutaneous growths on the lower jaw. 

 Fifty-two genera are recognized, of which seven (including 13 

 species) are discussed in this volume, as either extinct or 

 extremely rare. 



(3) Desmodontidae, vampire bats. The blood-drinking bats 

 are restricted to the American tropics. They are related to the 

 preceding family and have a rudimentary nose-leaf. None is 

 discussed in this work. 



(4) Natalidae, long-legged bats. These small, delicately 

 built bats are found in the American tropics, north to the 

 Bahama Islands and central Mexico. One species is believed 

 to have become extinct in historical times. 



(5) Furipteridae. Two genera, closely related to the long- 

 legged bats, are found in tropical South America. Neither 

 genus is discussed here. 



(6) Thyropteridae. A single genus, with large suction disk 

 on the thumb, is restricted to tropical America. This bat is not 

 considered endangered. 



(7) Vespertilionidae, common bats. They are found in both 

 hemispheres to the limit of tree growth and on the oceanic 

 islands to Samoa and Hawaii. Three species are here con- 

 sidered in danger of extinction. 



(8) Molossidae, free-tailed bats. Found in the warmer parts 

 of both hemispheres. None of these bats is thought to be a 

 vanishing form. J. E. H. 



Family PHYLLOSTOMID AE : Leaf-nosed Bats 

 PUERTO RICAN LONG-NOSED BAT 



MONOPHYLLUS PRATER Anthony 



MonophyUus frater Anthony, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 37, p. 565, 1917 (cave 



near Morovis, Puerto Rico). 

 FIGS.: Anthony, H. E., 1917c, pi. 56, figs. 5, 6; 1918, p. 349, fig. 8 (skull). 



Of the various genera of bats confined to the West Indies 

 and unknown from the neighboring mainland, the long-tongued 

 members of MonophyUus are remarkable, for they are found in 

 almost all the islands of the entire Antillean chain. Because 

 those on the several islands can usually be distinguished from 



