NORTH AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES 137 



bears are still present in numbers in the wilder parts of Michi- 

 gan and Wisconsin, but they were exterminated from Illinois 

 by 1860 and from Indiana by the middle eighties. Tennessee 

 still harbors a good number in the mountains, but Kentucky, 

 which never was very good bear country, holds only a few at 

 the present time. There are a few in Mississippi, and formerly 

 they were no doubt present in Missouri, but the census quoted 

 includes none from the latter State. Hibbard (1933) writes that 

 though once common in eastern Kansas, the black bear is now 

 extinct in that State. 



Northward of the United States, black bears range through 

 New Brunswick into southern Canada and as far northward as 

 Ungava. They occur also in Newfoundland but are said now 

 to be scarce. In the wilder regions they extend across to Alaska 

 in timbered country. Bears of this species avoided the open 

 plains country but formerly extended into the valleys of 

 North Dakota. At present they are probably very scarce or 

 nearly gone in that State. 



Whether the black bear of Florida and Alabama, known as 

 Euarctos floridanus, and the so-called yellow bear of Louisiana, 

 Euarctos luteolus, are to be Regarded as races of Euarctos 

 americanus or as separate species is still uncertain. At all 

 events, the former is now rare in Florida, though in some 

 sections it still occurs and the Wildlife Census credits the State 

 with 350 and Georgia to the north with 400. In Alabama, 

 according to A. H. Ho well (1921), bears are at present ex- 

 terminated everywhere except in the swamps of the southern 

 part. Skulls from this region are intermediate between the 

 two forms noted above. The census mentioned gives the 

 State a population of 300 bears. Westward bears are present 

 over suitable country to central California. In this State they 

 seem to have increased in abundance with the disappearance 

 of the grizzly. They formerly extended to northern Mexico 

 and no doubt still occur there, but no estimates of status are at 

 hand. 



GLACIER BEAR; BLUE BEAR 



EUARCTOS AMERICANUS EMMONSII (Dall) 



[Ursus americanus] var. emmonsii Dall, Science, new ser., vol. 2, p. 87, 1895 (St. Elias 



Alps, near Yakutat Bay, Alaska). 

 FIG.: Nelson, 1916, p. 440 (left col. fig.). 



