NORTH AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES 313 



warden actually reported seeing five caribou east of Bartibogue 

 Station during the spring of 1927." Since then, however, the 

 herd south of the St. Lawrence seems to have vanished, except 

 for a small remnant still surviving in the Gaspe region. This 

 remnant is chiefly confined to the Shickshock Mountains in 

 the northern part of the country and though small is never- 

 theless of sufficient size to allow a few to be shot each year. 

 There is a considerable barren area on the summits of some of 

 these mountains that is attractive to caribou, and the sur- 

 rounding wilderness is at present little disturbed. As the last 

 remaining woodland caribou south of the St. Lawrence River, 

 this little group should be given careful protection until it 

 appears that it is numerous enough to survive. One may 

 believe, however, that it will not persist for a great many years, 

 when annually hunted. In southern Labrador "a few" wood- 

 land caribou are found "here and there in the interior north of 

 the St. Lawrence River and a small number scattered through 

 the back districts of northwestern Quebec . . . The situ- 

 ation in Ontario is even less hopeful. On a map prepared at 

 the Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology in 1935, caribou are 

 considered to have disappeared Entirely from the east of a line 

 drawn from east end of Lake Superior to James Bay, the dates 

 of extirpation being dotted on the map here and there 1894, 

 1908, 1912, 1919, 1926, etc. The most southern band at present 

 is said to occupy Shakespeare Island in Lake Superior, with a 

 few about Lake Nipigon, Lake of the Woods, and the Rainy 

 Lake area. Local bands exist north of the Canadian National 

 Railway lines, but the most recent reports are to the effect 

 that the numbers of caribou are not large even in the more 

 northern parts of Ontario." The range in southern Labrador 

 probably extends to Hamilton Inlet and Sandwich Bay on the 

 east, and on the Hudson Bay side to Great Whale River or 

 thereabouts. According to Eidmann (1935) it has been killed 

 out over most of this range, but small herds are still occa- 

 sionally met with, especially in the southeastern part of Labra- 

 dor, where a small herd appeared in the Matamek area in 1930 

 and several were killed. Its extermination has been especially 

 hard for the native Indians, who relied on it in part for food 

 and clothing. 



Minnesota is the only one of the eastern United States in 

 which caribou still exist in a wild state. C. L. Herrick (1892) 



