NORTH AMERICA AND THE WEST INDIES 



335 



Byam Martin Island and on Bathurst Island, where Anderson 

 estimates there are about 1,500. The numbers on Devon 

 Island seem fewer according to recent reports. On Axel 

 Heiberg they are plentiful, although, according to Anderson, 

 they are found only on the east side and may number in all 

 about 1,000. On Ellesmere Island they were common along 

 the east coast up till the eighties, but since then they have 

 seldom been seen there, although numbers occur in the western 

 areas and may in these less-visited parts be still numerous. 



On the short stretch of coast opposite Ellesmere Island in 

 west Greenland muskoxen formerly occurred, as far south as 

 Cape Alexander. South of this point the obstructing glaciers 

 prevent further extension. A few animals were to be found 

 northward of these points till about 1850, when the last living 

 muskoxen in the region were reported seen by Eskimo near Cape 

 George Russell. Macmillan (1918) mentions numerous skulls 

 to be found from Etah north to Humboldt Glacier, but the ani- 

 mal no longer occurs there and is believed to have become ex- 

 tinct about 1860. Various expeditions have reported muskoxen 

 in some numbers at various localities on the north coast of 

 Greenland and Miss Hone (1$34) has lately assembled many 



White-faced inuskox (Ovibos moschatus wardi) 



