Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 89 



Good soil well-drained, never absolutely dry, is needed for success- 

 ful hemp-culture. Hemp is one of the plants yielding a full and 

 quick return within the season, the period of vegetation being from 

 90 to 105 days. The return may be from 4 cwt. to 10 cwt. per acre. 

 The average summer-temperatures of St. Petersburg (67 F.) and 

 of Moscow (62 F.) admit still of the cultivation of this plant. 

 The Hemp-plant serves as a protection against insects on culti- 

 vated fields, if sown along their boundaries. The seeds are some- 

 times used in medicine, and are a favorite fodder for various cage- 

 birds. The importations of Hemp into the United Kingdom in 

 1884 were 1,335,000 cwt., worth over two million pounds sterling. 

 Victoria imported in 1887 about 1,000 tons. The total annual pro- 

 duction of Hemp is from seven to eight million cwt. The Hemp- 

 plant succeeds well also in the tropical coast-regions of Australia. 



Canella alba, Murray. 



West-Indies and Florida. An evergreen tree, to 50 feet high, 

 aromatic in all its parts ; the bark particularly used, less in medicine 

 than as a condiment. 



Cantharellus edulis, Persoon. (C. cibarius, Fries.) 



The Chantarelle. Various parts of Europe, occurring also in 

 South-Eastern Australia and some other parts of the globe. Dr. 

 Goeppert mentions this among the many mushrooms, admitted 

 under Government-supervision for sale in Silesia. 



Capparis sepiaria, Linne. 



From India to the Philippine-Islands, ascending to cool elevations 

 and living in arid soil. A prickly-bush, excellent for hedges. Dr. 

 Cleghorn mentions also as hedge-plants C. horrida (L. til.), C. 

 aphylla (Roth), C. Roxburghii (D.C.), some of which also yield 

 capers. 



Capparis spinosa, Linne. 



The Caper-Bush. Southern Europe and Northern Africa, Southern 

 Asia and Northern Australia. A somewhat shrubby and trailing 

 plant, deserving already for the sake of its handsome flowers a place 

 in any g*arden. It sustains its life even in arid deserts. Light 

 frosts do not destroy this plant ; the soil requisite for greatest pro- 

 ductiveness should be of calcareous clay. The flower-buds and 

 young berries, preserved in vinegar with some salt, form the capers 

 of commerce. Samples of capers, prepared from plants of the 

 Botanic Garden of Melbourne, were placed already twenty years 

 ago in our Industrial Museum, together with many other products, 

 emanating from the writer's laboratory. The Caper-plant is pro- 

 pagated either from seeds or suckers or cuttings ; it is well able to 

 withstand either heat or drought. The buds, after their first 

 immersion in slightly salted vinegar, are strained and afterwards 



