Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 127 



plant for bouquet-sellers ; reintroduced into medicine also latterly, 

 particularly in the treatment of cardial affections and dropsy. 

 Both root and flowers have also sternutatorian properties. 



Convolvulus floridus, Linne fil. 



Canary-Islands. A shrubby species, not climbing or winding. 

 With C. scoparius it yields the Atlantic Rosewood from stem and 

 root. 



Convolvulus Scammonia, Linne. 



Mediterranean regions and Asia Minor. A perennial herb. The 

 purgative drug, Scammonia-resin, is obtained from the root, which 

 will grow to 2 feet in length. Plants readily raised from seeds. To 

 obtain the drug, a portion of the root is laid bare, and into incisions 

 made some shells are inserted, to collect the juice, which is daily 

 removed [Maw]. 



Copernicia cerifera, Martins.* 



Brazil, extending into Bolivia and Argentina. This magnificent 

 Fan-palm has been proved to be hardy as far south as Sydney, by 

 Mr. Charles Moore. It resists drought in a remarkable degree, 

 and prospers also on a somewhat saline soil. The stem furnishes 

 starch ; the sap yields sugar ; the fibres of the leaf -sheets are con- 

 verted into ropes, which resist decay in water ; the leaves can be 

 used for mats, hats, baskets and brooms, and many other articles 

 are prepared from them. The inner part of the leaf-stalks serves 

 as a substitute for cork. This palm however is mainly valued for 

 the Carnauba-wax, with which its young leaves are coated, and which 

 can be detached by shaking. This is harder than bees' wax, and is 

 used in the manufacture of candles. Each tree furnishes about 41bs. 

 annually. In 1862 no less than 2,500,000 Ibs. were imported into 

 Great Britain, realising about 100,000. 



Coprinus coinatus. Fries. 



Europe, Asia. Included by Dr. L. Planchon among the Cham- 

 pignons for French kitchens. Other species elsewhere are pro- 

 bably quite as good, but they all can only be used for food in a 

 very young state. More important are the deliquiescent species of 

 Coprinns, such as C. atramentarius, C. ovatus, C. cylindraceus 

 (Fries), for the preparation of a black water-color and also ink, 

 both indelible [Wilson's Rural Cyclop.] ; the black fluid emitted 

 needs the addition of some antiseptic to preserve it. Various 

 Coprini are also common in Victoria. 



Corchorus acutangulus, Lamarck. 



Tropical Africa, South-Asia and North- Australia. This plant is 

 specially mentioned by some writers as a jute-plant. A particular 

 machine has been constructed by Mr. Le Franc, of New Orleans, 

 for separating the jute-fibre. With it a ton of fibre is produced in 



