Naturalisation in Extra-Trupical Countries. 189 



Cupressus macrocarpa, Hartweg.* (C. Lambertiana, Gordon.) 



California, from Monterey to Noyo, in the granite- as well as 

 sandstone-formation ; sometimes in Sphagnum -moors. This beauti- 

 ful and shady tree attains to a height of 150 feet, with a stem of 

 9 feet in circumference, and is one of the quickest growing of all 

 conifers, even in poor dry soil. Does well also on limestone-soil 

 [Dr. H. Bennet]. One of the best shelter- trees on sea-sands, 

 naturally following the coast-line, never extending many miles from 

 the shore, and occurring in localities, where the temperature does 

 not rise above 80 F., nor sink below the freezing point [Bolander] ; 

 nevertheless it proved even hardy in Christiania. Richer in its 

 yields of tar than the Scotch Fir, according to American writers. 

 Not to be planted on places, where stagnant humidity exists under- 

 ground, nor where the soil is but little penetrable. Its nativity 

 singularly limited. 



Cupressus Nutkaensis, Lambert. (Chamcecyparis Nutlcaensis, Spach; 

 Thuya excelsa, Bongard.) 



The Yellow Cedar or Cypress of Alaska and the neighboring 

 States. Height of tree reaches 100 feet. Timber soft, pale, clear, 

 durable, tough and close, also scented ; worked with ease ; used for 

 boat-building and many other purposes ; the bast for mats and 

 ropes. Can be trimmed for hedge-growth. The Cypresses of the 

 sections Chamsecyparis and Retinospora are now regarded by Sir 

 Joseph Hooker and Mr. George Bentham as species of Thuya. 

 Prof. C. Koch placed them, as did previously the author of this 

 work, in the genus Cupressus. 



Cupressus obtusa, F. v. Mueller. (Retinospora obtusa, Siebold and 

 Zuccarini.) 



The Hinoki of Japan. Attains a maximum-height of 130 feet ; 

 stem to 5 feet in diameter ; a tree of longevity. It forms a great 

 part of the forests at Nipon. Growing naturally between 1,200 and 

 4,200 feet elevation on the transition of the compact alluvial clays 

 to eruptive granite [Dupont] . The bark is used for thatching, also 

 for cordage and tow. The wood is pale-streaked and compact, 

 assuming when planed a silky lustre. According to Mr. Christie, 

 it is durable, close-grained and easily worked. It is selected in 

 Japan for temples, further also much in use for boat-building, as it 

 very long resists decay in water, also for railway-sleepers and 

 various underground-work. There are varieties of this species with 

 foliage of a golden and of a silvery- white hue. Hardy at New 

 York, even in exposed localities. One of the finest of evergreen 

 trees for the vicinity of dwellings. It resembles C. Lawsoniana, 

 but excels it ; it is also hardier and of more rapid growth [Rev. H. 

 W. Beecher]. Easily multiplied from layers of the lower branches. 



Two other Japanese Cypresses deserve introduction namely C. 

 breviramea (Chamsecyparis breviramea, Maximowicz) and C. pen- 

 dens (Chameecyparis pendula, Maximowicz). 



