142 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



it endures the climate of Melbourne without protection. Cycas 

 media (R. Br.) may also prove hardy, and would be a noble 

 horticultural acquisition, as it is the most gigantic of all 

 Cycadese, attaining a height of 70 feet in tropical East- Australia. 

 C. Siamensis (Miquel) will endure a temperature occasionally as 

 low as the freezing point. Like the Zamia-stems, the trunks of 

 any Cycas admit of translocation, even at an advanced age ; and 

 like the stems of many kinds of tree-ferns, they can be shipped 011 

 very long voyages packed as dead goods in closed wood-cases, 

 deprived of leaves and soil, for subsequent revival in conservatories, 

 as shown many years ago by the writer of this work. The 

 Macrozamias can be associated with the hardier palms in gardens, 

 M. spiralis advancing naturally southward to the 37th degree. 

 One genuine Zamia occurs as indigenous in Florida, several in 

 Mexico are extra- tropical, while Z. Chiqua (Seemann), or a closely 

 allied species, ascends to 7,000 feet in Central- America. The 

 genuine species of Encephalartos, all from South-Africa, also 

 endure the night-frosts of Melbourne perfectly well. 



Cymopterus glomeratus, De Candolle 



North-America, in the Missouri-region. Root edible [Dr. 

 Rosen thall. 



Cynara cardunculus, Linne. 



The Cardoon. At the Mediterranean Sea, extending to the 

 Canary-Islands. A perennial herb. The bleached leaf-stalks 

 serve as esculents. The foliage employed also as a substitute for 

 rennet. This as well as the following will come to perfection in 

 Norway to lat. 63 52/ [Schuebeler]. Readily raised from seeds. 

 The root also edible [Vilmorin]. 



Cynara Scolymus, Linne. 



The Artichoke. South-Europe and North-Africa. The recep- 

 tacles and the base of the flower-scales well known as a vegetable. 

 The plant is perennial, and here chiefly mentioned as entitled to 

 extended culture, grouped with other stately plants. Several 

 other species are worthy of cultivation. In Italy Artichokes are 

 much grown under olive-trees, to utilize spare-ground. The plant 

 is greatly benefited in cultivation by a dressing with sea-weed or 

 any other manure containing sea-salt [G. W. Johnson]. The 

 leaves serve instead of rennet. Seeds will keep for several years. 

 To preserve good varieties, sprouts are replanted, from which all 

 the buds except two or three of the strongest are removed. Low- 

 lying ground and somewhat peaty soil can be utilised for this plant 

 [Vilmorin] . 



