176 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



famous for the hardness and toughness of its timber, which is used 

 for railway-sleepers, telegraph-poles, shafts, spokes, mauls, plough- 

 beams and similar utensils. This passes at its places of growth as 

 a " Boxtree " and a variety of it as " White Boxtree." 



Eucalyptus Howittiana, F. v. Mueller.* 



Littoral North-Queensland. A tree, gaining a height of fully 

 100 feet, with remarkably umbrageous foliage ; girth of stem 

 towards the base to fully 12 feet. Wood comparable to that of the 

 so-called " Box-trees," but straighter in grain. This species would 

 be particularly adapted for intra-tropical countries. 



Eucalyptus larg iflorens, F. v. Mueller. 



South-Eastern Australia, principally in the inland-districts. One 

 of the so-called Boxtrees, rising to a height of 120 feet as a 

 maximum. Stem-diameter to 3 feet. Wood dark brown-red, 

 excessively hard ; fence-posts from this wood were found quite 

 sound after 30 years. 



Eucalyptus leptophleba, F. v. Mueller. 



Queensland. Height rarely over 60 feet; stem-diameter to 

 3 feet. Timber strong, hard, very durable and variously applied, 

 thus : for bridge-structures, mine-props and fence-posts ; nearly 

 always stipulated in contracts, at places of growth, for buildings 

 [Stephen Johnson], One of the most eligible species for intra- 

 tropic culture. Allied to E. crebra. 



Eucalyptus Leucoxylon, F. v. Mueller.* 



The ordinary Ironbark-tree of Victoria and some parts of South 



I Australia and New South Wales. It attains a height of 100 feet, 

 and supplies a most valuable timber ; this shows great strength 

 and hardness, is much prized for its durability, is largely employed 

 by wagon-builders for wheels and poles, by ship-builders for top- 

 sides, tree-nails, the rudder (stock), belaying-pins and other 

 purposes ; it is also used by turners for rough work ; it proved to 



i be the strongest of all the woods hitherto subjected to test by Mr. 

 Luehmann and myself, bearing nearly twice the strain of American 

 oak and ash, and excelling even hickory by about 18 per cent. It 

 is much recommended for railway-sleepers, and extensively used in 

 underground mining work. The JR-ailway - Commissioners of 

 Victoria recently reported sleepers, laid 24 years ago, still quite 

 i sound. It is likewise very extensively employed for the handles of 

 \axes and other implements by Victorian manufacturers--' The price 

 of the timber in the log is about 2s. 5d. per cubic foot in Melbourne ; 

 the weight of such, when completely dried, varying from 631 to 

 68| Ibs., equal to specific gravity 1'024 1-106 [F. v. Mueller and 

 Rummel]./ As it is for some purposes superior to that of almost 

 any other Eucalyptus, the regular culture of this tree over wide 

 areas should be fostered, especially as it can be raised on stony 



