Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 



Helvella esculenta, Persoon. 



Europe. Dr. Goeppert notes among saleable Silesiaii mushrooms 

 for table-use this species as well as H. gigas (Krombholz) and H. 

 infula (Fries). Kohlrausch and Siegel found in H. esculenta when 

 dried 26 per cent, of protein, against the following other results : 

 in beef 39 per cent., in veal 44, wheat-bread 8, oatmeal 10, pulse 

 27, potatoes 5, various mushrooms often 33 per cent. Of course 

 starch, sugar, inulin, pectin, gum and even fibre have to be further 

 taken into consideration in these calculations on value of nutriments. 

 The deleterious principle of H. esculenta needs to be removed by 

 repeated treatment with boiling water, or by keeping the dried fungus 

 for about a year before it is used for the kitchen. Dr. M. C. 

 Cooke mentions as fair English substitutes of Morels Helvella 

 lacunosa (Afzelius) and H. mitra (Linne). Bergner and Trog 

 illustrate as edible among fungs of Switzerland H. crispa (Fries). 



Hemarthria compressa, R. Brown. 



Southern Asia, Southern Africa, extra- tropical Australia. This 

 perennial grass, though somewhat harsh, is recommendable for 

 moist pastures, and will retain a beautiful greeness throughout the 

 year in dry climes ; highly esteemed by graziers in Gippsland 

 (Victoria); it is not injured by moderate frost. H. uncinatata is a 

 mere variety, which grows down to high-water mark on estuaries 

 of rivers ; also otherwise on somewhat saline ground. H. fascicu- 

 lata (Kunth) occurs around the Mediterranean Sea. The genus is 

 also represented by one species in the warmer littoral regions of 

 America. Remarkably resistant to drought. 



Heracleum g'ig-anteum, Hornemann. (H. villosum, Fischer.) 



Caucasus and Taurus. One of the best of herbaceous scenic 

 plants. Matures seeds freely. 



Heracleum Sibiricum. Linne. 



Colder regions of Europe and Asia. A very tall biennial herb 

 with leaves of enormous size. Recently recommended for sheep- 

 fodder in alpine regions. This plant could also be turned to 

 account for scenic effect in horticulture, as well as H. dulce 

 (Fischer) of Kamtschatka. 



Heterothalamus brunioides, Lessing. 



Southern Brazil and Argentina. A dwarf shrub, furnishing the 

 yellow Romerillo-dye from its flowers. 



Kevea G-uianensis. Aublet.* (Siphonia elastica, Persoon.) 



Guiana and nearest countries. A tree, rising finally to about 60 

 feet. To what elevation it does advance into cooler mountain- 

 regions, and whether it will prosper in sub-tropic regions, seems 

 as yet not to have been ascertained. To draw attention to this 



