Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 265 



planted, quick in growth, stands clipping well, seeds freely, is 

 strong enough to resist cattle and close enough to keep off fowls. 

 Succeeds famously even on t coast-sands. A first-rate bee-plant 

 [J. Bolton]. If lb. of seeds at a cost of 30 shillings suffices for a 

 mile of hedging [Th. Lang]. Pasture-animals must be kept away 

 from the foliage, which is deleterious. L. Chinense (Miller) and 

 some few other congeners serve likewise hedge-purposes. 



Xiycium barbarum, Linne. 



Northern Africa and South- Western Asia. The most common 

 kind grown in Europe for hedges. Is content with poor soil. 



Xiycium Europaeum, Limn'. 



Countries around the Mediterranean Sea. " The Box-Thorn." 

 Hardy in Norway to lat. 67 56'. An excellent hedge-plant, 

 particularly insand-land, but emitting copious offshoots [C. Bouche]. 

 An allied congener is L. flaccidum (Moench). 



Xiycoperdon gigranteum, Batsch. 



Europe, Asia. When young this and many other kinds of puff- 

 balls can be converted into wholesome food. They have when ripe 

 haemostatic properties, and are further particularly valuable for 

 dressing the back-sores of horses ; even for treating carcinomatous 

 ulcers these particular fungs have proved highly valuable. 



Xiycopodium dendroideum, Michaux. 



Eastern North-America. This, with L. lucidulum, has become 

 there a great article of trade, being in request for bouquets and 

 wreaths ; both plants, after having been dyed of various colors, are 

 used as ornaments in vases [Meehan]. These club-mosses are 

 mentioned here, to draw attention to similar species in other 

 countries. 



Xiygreuzn Spartum. Linne. 



Regions .on the Mediterrannean Sea. This perrenial gra'ss serves 

 much like the ordinary Esparto-Grass, but is inferior to it. 



Ziyperia crocea, Ecklon. 



South-Africa. The flowers of this shrub produce a fine orange 

 dye, and are also in use for medicinal purposes, 



DXaba g-eminata, R. Brown. 



One of the Ebony-trees in Queensland. Wood, according to M. 

 Thozet, black towards the centre, bright-red towards the bark, 

 close-grained, hard, heavy, elastic and tough. It takes a high polish, 

 and is recommended for veneers. Maba fasciculosa (F. v. M.) has 

 the outer wood white and pink. Several other species exist in 

 Queensland, which may perhaps give good substitutes for Ebony- 

 vrood. 



