Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. '267 



Madura tinctoria, D. Don. 



Central and Southern America. This tree yields the Fustic- 

 wood. Cultivated in Jamaica up to 3000 feet [W. Fawcett]. 



Magnolia hypoleuca, Siebold. 



Japan. A stately tree, with very large and whorled leaves. 

 Trunk to a foot in diameter. Wood remarkably flexible ; used for 

 many kinds of utensils. Worthy of introduction as a magnificent 

 garden-object [Christy]. 



Magnolia macrophylla, Michaux. 



Eastern States of North- America. Although not cultivated for 

 any special purposes of the arts or of technics, yet this tree is 

 admitted into this list as one of the grandest of its kind, as well in 

 foliage as flowers. It attains a height of about 60 feet ; its leaves 

 are from 1 to 3f feet long, while its flowers attain a diameter of 

 fully 1 foot. Mf grandiflora, L., attains a height of 100 feet, and a 

 stem diameter of 3 feet on the Mississippi ; it bears the winter 

 of Philadelphia. M. acuminata, L. and M. Fraseri, Walter, are 

 also large trees. M. acuminata is particularly adapted for street- 

 planting, as it will live in the smoky air of cities. The flowers of 

 all exude much honey-nectar for bees. They ought also to be 

 valuable for perfumeries. 



Maharanga Emodi, A. do Candolle. 



Nepal. The root produces, like that of Alkanna tinctoria, a red 

 dye. 



Malachra capitata, Limn'. 



Tropical America. A tall herb, annual, or of more than one 

 year's duration. Its fibre is obtainable to lengths of 9 feet ; it is of 

 a silky lustre, and equal in technical value to Jute [O'Connor]. 



MallotUS Philippinensis, J. Mueller. (Rottlera tinctoria, Roxburgh.) 



South-Asia and East-Australia, in jungle- country, extending 

 into New South Wales. A bush or tree, attaining, according to 

 Mr. O'Shanesy, a height of about 60 feet. Though not of great 

 importance, this plant should not be passed on this occasion, 

 inasmuch as the powdery substance, investing the seed-capsules, 

 constitutes the Kamala, which can be employed not only as an 

 orange-dye, but also as an anthelmintic remedy. The Hindoo silk- 

 dyers produce the color by boiling the Kamala with carbonate of 

 soda. 



Malva crispa, Linne. 



Indigenous probably to South-Western Asia. A tall annual 

 herb. The curled leaves are used extensively in France for dressing 

 desserts, .for which purpose the plant is especially grown 

 [ Vilmorin] . 



