Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 271 



IK atricaria glabrata, De Candolle. 



The South- African Chamomile. This annual herb is there in 

 renown as an excellent substitute for the European Chamomile 

 [Dr. Pappe]. Several congeners exist there. 



Mauritia flexuosa, Linne. 



From Guiana to Peru and Brazil. This noble Palm is known to 

 ascend up to 4,000 feet along the Essequibo. As Palms, like 

 Bamboos, prove to be among the hardier of tropical plants, experi- 

 ments for naturalising M. vinifera (Martius) might also be insti- 

 tuted. This attains a height of about 150 feet, has leaves 

 sometimes 15 feet in length, and yields from the incised stem a 

 copious sap, which forms a kind of wine by fermentation. 



May tenus Boaria, Molina. (Boaria Molinos, De Candolle ; Maytenus 

 Chilensis, De Candolle) . 



Chili. An evergreen tree, assuming considerable dimensions in 

 the southern provinces. Wood extremely hard. Cattle and sheep 

 browse with predilection on the foliage ; hence the trees are cut 

 down, when grasses become scarce through protracted snowfalls or 

 in times of drought [Dr. Philippi]. 



BKedicagro arborea, Linne. 



South-Europe, particularly Greece. This shrubby yellow Lu- 

 cerne is of value for dairy-farmers, as it much promotes in cows 

 the yield of milk. This genus includes several other species, 

 valued as pasture-plants besides the present and those noted below. 



BXedicag-o lupulina, Linne. 



The Black Medick. Europe, North- Africa and temperate Asia. 

 An annual or biennial pasture-herb, easily grown, and not without 

 nutritive importance. Langethal observes : "It effects for argil- 

 laceous soils, what the White Clover does for sandy moist soils. 

 It will even succeed in moory ground, provided such contains some 

 lime. It suits also particularly for sheep-pastures." It will thrive, 

 where on account of poor soil lucerne and clover fail. In rich land 

 its product is very copious. In Norway it will grow to lat. 63 26. ; 



BXedicagro sativa, Morison.* 



The Lucerne, Purple Medick or Alfalfa. Orient and temperate 

 Western Asia, now spread through Middle and Southern Europe 

 and Middle Asia. The Romans brought it 470 years before the 

 Christian era from Media, hence the generic name [A. de Candolle]. 

 A perennial fodder-herb of great importance, and largely utilised 

 in most countries with a temperate clime ; perhaps descended from 

 the European and North -Asiatic Medicago falcata (Linne), the 

 Yellow Medick, which also deserves naturalisation, especially on 

 light or sandy calcareous soil ; but that plant is less productive 

 than the true Lucerne, and does not resist occasional slight 



