Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 297 



Nicotiana quadrivalvis, Pursh. 



The native Tobacco of the Missouri. An annual. 



Nicotiana repanda, Willdenow. 



Cuba, Mexico, Texas. Annual. It is utilised for some of the 

 Havanna-tobaccoes. 



Nicotiana rustica, Linne. 



Tropical America. Annual. Some exceptional sorts of East- 

 Indian tobacco, of Manilla-tobacco and of Turkey-tobacco are 

 derived from this particular species. 



Nicotiana Tabacum, Linne.* 



The ordinary Tobacco-plant of Central America. Annual. The 

 tobacco-plant delights in rich forest-soil, particularly where lime- 

 stone prevails, on account also of the potassium-compounds which 

 abound in soils of woodlands, and also because in forest-clearings 

 that atmospheric humidity prevails, which is needful for the best 

 development of the finest kinds of tobacco. Various districts, with 

 various soils, produce very different sorts of tobacco, particularly 

 as far as flavor is concerned ; and again, various climatic conditions 

 will greatly affect the tobacco-plant in this respect. We can there- 

 fore not hope to produce, for instance, Manilla- or Havanna- 

 tobacco in cooler latitudes ; but we may expect to produce good 

 sorts also far south in Australia, more or less peculiar ; or we may 

 aspire to producing in our rich and frostless forest-valleys a 

 tobacco similar to that of Kentucky, Maryland, Connecticut and 

 Virginia. Frost is detrimental to the tobacco-plant ; not only, 

 particularly when young, must it be guarded against it, but frost will 

 also injure the ripe crop. The scarcity of dew in some of the 

 districts of Australia militates against the production of the best 

 kinds, otherwise the yield as a rule is large, and the soil in many 

 places well adapted for this culture. Leaves of large size are fre- 

 quently obtained, but the final preparation of the leaf for the 

 manufacturer must be effected by experienced skill. The cruder 

 kinds are obtained with ease. Virgin soil, with rich loam, is the 

 best for tobacco-culture, and such soil should also contain a fair 

 proportion of lime and potash, or should be enriched with a calcareous 

 manure and ashes, or with well decomposed stable-manure. Accord- 

 ing to Simmonds the average yield in Greece, where the clime is 

 similar to ours, is about 800 pounds of tobacco per acre. In 

 Norway Tobacco has been grown as far north as 70 22' [Schue- 

 beler]. The equable mild clime of Northern New r Zealand proved 

 particularly well suited for producing superior tobacco. For 

 Queensland experiences refer to S. Lamb's remarks in the Bulletin 

 of the Department for Agriculture, Brisbane, No. 6 (1890). With 

 us in Victoria the lowlands of Eastern Gippsland would be sure to 



