Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 315 



Panicum altissimum, Gr. Meyer. (P. elatius, Kunth.) 



From Mexico to Brazil. An almost woody species of arborescent 

 habit, attaining a height of 30 feet. Panicles sometimes a foot 

 and a half long. Evidently desirable for naturalisation. 



Panicum amarum, Elliot. 



Eastern North-America. A perennial species, fit to be grown on 

 drifting coast-sand. 



Panicum atro-virens, Trinius. (Isachne Australis, E.. Brown.) 



South-Asia, East-Australia and New Zealand. A perennial 

 grass, not large, but of tender nutritive blade, particularly fitted 

 for moist valleys and woodlands. 



Panicum barbinode, Trinius. 



Brazil. Valuable as a fodder-grass. Passes also as PaTa-grass. 



Panicum brizanthum, Hochstetter. 



From Abyssinia to Nepal. A large-grained perennial Millet- 

 Grass. 



Panicum coenicolum, F. v. Mueller. 



Extra-tropic Australia. Valuable as an enduring grass for 

 moist meadows. 



Panicum compositum, Linne. (Oplismenus compositus, Beauvois.) 



South-Asia, East-Australia, Polynesia, New Zealand. The 

 growth of this soft-bladed and prolific grass should be encouraged 

 in forest-ground. 



Panicum Crus Galll, Linne.* 



The u Barnyard- or Cockshin- Grass." Occurring now in all warm 

 countries, but probably of far oriental origin, as it seems not 

 recorded in our ancient classic literature. A rich but annual grass of 

 ready spontaneous dispersion, particularly along sandy river-banks, 

 also around stagnant water. P. colonum, L. and P. Crus Corvi, L. 

 are varieties of it. Regarded by R. Brown as indigenous in 

 Eastern and Northern Australia, where many other excellent 

 fodder-species occur, some perennial. It will succeed also on some- 

 what saline soil, particularly on brackish water-courses, likewise on 

 moor-land. For rural rearing the short-awned variety should be 

 chosen. On the Lower Mississippi it has furnished as much as 

 four or even five tons of hay from one acre. Noticed in Japan 

 already by the early European travellers. Had the Alexandrian 

 Library not been burnt, some clue as to the real place of the 

 origination of this grass and many other plants might have been, 

 been obtained. Cows and horses are very fond of this grass 

 whether fresh or dry [Professor Phares]. P. hispidulum, Retzius, 

 which accords with the Cockshin-Grass in prolific growth and 

 nutritiveness, prefers moist situations. 



