Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 333 



manent pastures, as it supplies a large quantity of fine, sweet, 

 fattening foliage, relished by stock. It keeps green far into the 

 winter in the climate of New Zealand. 



Pharnacetim aciduzn, J. Hooker. 



St. Helena. A dwarf perennial succulent plant, which might 

 advantageously be naturalised on sea-shores, to yield an acid salad, 

 perhaps superior to that of Portulaca oleracea. 



Phaseolus aconitifolius, Jacquin. 



India, up to 4,000 feet. A dwarf annual species. Dr. Forbes 

 Watson admits it among the culinary beans of India. It will bear 

 on arid soil. P. trilobus (Aiton), the Simbi-bean, is a still hardier 

 variety, which becomes perennial. 



Phaseolus adenanthus, G. Meyer. (P. Truxillensis, Huinboldt; P. 

 rostratus, Wallich.) 



Almost cosmopolitan within the tropics, where, irrespective of 

 navigation and other traffic, it becomes dispersed by migrating 

 birds ; truly spontaneous also in tropical Australia. A perennial 

 herb with large flowers, resembling those of Vigna vexillata (Ben- 

 tham). Cultivated for its seeds, which are rather small, but 

 copiously produced. A variety with edible roots occurs. 



Phaseolus COCCineus, Kniphof.* (P. multiflorus, Willdenow.) 



The Scarlet Runner. Tropical South- America. A twining 

 showy perennial, as useful as the ordinary French bean. Its seeds 

 usually larger than those of that plant, purple with black dots, but 

 sometimes also pure-blue and again quite white. The flowers occur 

 sometimes white. The root contains a narcotic poison. 



Phaseolus derasus, Schratick.* 



Brazil. There, next to maize, the most important and extensively 

 used plant for human food [Dr. Peckolt]. Sprengel refers this to 

 P. inamsenus (Linne), a variety of the following species. 



Phaseolus lunatus. Linne.* 



The " Lima-bean." Perennial. Tropical South-America. A. 

 de Candolle restricts the real nativity to that part of the globe. 

 Wittmack identifies beans from ancient graves in Peru as belonging 

 to this species. The root is deleterious. Biennial according to 

 Roxburgh. Much cultivated in the warm zone for its edible beans, 

 which are purple or white. P. inamsenus (Linne) is hardly speci- 

 fically distinct, but grows taller and produces larger fruits ; it is 

 known as a Lima-bean, but also as the Madagascar-bean, and has 

 proved hardy and productive in Victoria. P. perennis (Walter) 

 from the United States of North- America is another allied plant ; 

 also P. Pallar (Molina) of Peru, the latter perennial, with a com- 

 paratively thick stem. [Wittmack]. 



